Treatment of Peptic Ulcer

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What is the main cause of duodenal ulcer?

Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection

Which defensive factor plays a role in preventing the formation of peptic ulcer?

Mucus layer

What is the most common symptom of peptic ulcer?

Epigastric pain and discomfort

Which lifestyle measure can help in the management of peptic ulcer?

<p>Avoiding smoking and alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focal defect that forms on the inside lining of the lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum in the case of peptic ulcer?

<p>Focal erosion extending from mucosa to submucosa and even deeper to the muscular layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug acts by causing irreversible inhibition of the H+/ K+ ATPase, thereby reducing both basal and stimulated acid secretion?

<p>Omeprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proton pump inhibitor (PPI) has a rapid onset and long duration of action, and is destroyed by gastric acidity?

<p>Pantoprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which H2 receptor antagonist has the most potent pharmacological action and is excreted mainly by the kidney, making it preferred in liver dysfunction?

<p>Famotidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which H2 receptor antagonist acts as an inhibitor of cytochrome p450 and can cause reversible gynecomastia and sexual dysfunction in males?

<p>Cimetidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle measure is recommended for the management of peptic ulcer to reduce acid secretion?

<p>Reducing stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics possess a Beta-lactam ring?

<p>Cephalosporins</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antibiotics acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis?

<p>Glycopeptide antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics are classified as Inhibitors of protein synthesis?

<p>Tetracyclines</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics are considered beta-lactamase inhibitors?

<p>Carbapenems</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics affect cell membrane permeability?

<p>Aminoglycosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics belong to the class of drugs affecting metabolic pathways?

<p>Sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is secreted by some bacteria and leads to inactivation of beta-lactam antibiotics, causing resistance?

<p>Penicillinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of penicillin is considered narrow-spectrum?

<p>Nafcillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of penicillins?

<p>Inhibit cell wall synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which penicillin is eliminated through both renal and biliary excretion?

<p>Oxacillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of infections are streptococcal infections commonly treated with penicillins?

<p>Respiratory infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with penicillins?

<p>Hypersensitivity reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as an inhibitor of bacterial cell wall synthesis?

<p>Fosfomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is considered a glycopeptide antibiotic?

<p>Vancomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of cephadroxil, cephalexin, and cefazolin?

<p>1st generation cephalosporins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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