Treatment of Nephroliths and Ureteroliths
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential complication of ureteral stent placement in dogs?

  • Ureteral stricture
  • Stent mineralization (correct)
  • Ureteral perforation
  • All of the above
  • What is the primary method of ureteral stent placement in female dogs?

  • Open cystotomy
  • Temporary perineal access
  • Laparoscopic-assisted cystostomy
  • Retrograde via cystoscopy (correct)
  • What is the primary purpose of ureteral stent placement in dogs?

  • To bypass the ureteral obstruction (correct)
  • To promote passive ureteral dilation
  • To remove the ureterolith
  • To induce struvite ureteroliths
  • In which type of ureteroliths can the stone sometimes pass around the ureteral stent?

    <p>Infection-induced ureteroliths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for ureterotomy in cats?

    <p>Microsurgical experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administration of antibiotics and feeding a dissolution diet in dogs with infection-induced struvite ureteroliths?

    <p>To dissolve the ureterolith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nephroliths are not amenable to dissolution?

    <p>Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate nephroliths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of open surgical option, bisection nephrotomy, in treating nephroliths?

    <p>It is challenging to completely remove nephroliths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of placing a ureteral stent in the treatment of ureteroliths?

    <p>To facilitate medical dissolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of percutaneous nephrolithomy (PCNL) in treating nephroliths?

    <p>It is used to remove large staghorn nephroliths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential complication of ureterotomy in dogs?

    <p>A number of potential complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in treating nephroliths?

    <p>To break down nephroliths into smaller fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred treatment for dogs with highly recurrent nephroliths?

    <p>Repeated SWL treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is medical management of ureteral obstruction not recommended?

    <p>When there is evidence of complete obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of subcutaneous ureteral bypass over ureteral stents?

    <p>It can be flushed to remove occlusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of repeated SWL treatments in dogs with highly recurrent nephroliths?

    <p>Successful treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administering alpha-adrenergic antagonists in medical management of ureteral obstruction?

    <p>To facilitate ureteral relaxation and passage of ureteroliths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common complication associated with subcutaneous ureteral bypass placement?

    <p>Leakage or kinking of the tubing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in dogs?

    <p>To fragment and remove uroliths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor mentioned for successful SWL treatment in dogs?

    <p>Fragmentation of uroliths into small fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately what percentage of dogs required more than one SWL treatment for complete fragmentation of their nephroliths?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the success rate of SWL treatment for dogs with obstructed ureteroliths?

    <p>76%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for ureterorenoscopy using flexible digital ureteroscope in dogs after the ureter dilates from the ureteral stent?

    <p>Passive dilation of ureter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the veterinary imaging technique that is often used for managing complicated nephrolithiasis in animals?

    <p>CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which publication provides consensus recommendations on the treatment and prevention of uroliths in dogs and cats?

    <p>ACVIM Small Animal Consensus Recommendations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which veterinary technique involves the use of shock waves for treating nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis in animals?

    <p>Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the study focusing on cats, what was the primary method used for treating benign ureteral obstruction?

    <p>Subcutaneous ureteral bypass device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a technique used to prevent the passage of kidney or ureter stones in cats by providing support to the ureter walls?

    <p>Ureteral stenting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is often employed for guiding interventions in veterinary medicine?

    <p>Fluoroscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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