Traveler's Diarrhea and Beyond: Etiology and Prevention
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Questions and Answers

Which antibiotic can be used to reduce fluid requirements and duration of illness in cholera?

  • Doxycycline (correct)
  • Amoxicillin
  • Metronidazole
  • Ciprofloxacin

What is the incubation period for cholera?

  • 1-3 weeks
  • 1-3 days
  • 2-5 days (correct)
  • 1-2 weeks

What pathogen causes eosinophilic meningitis after travel to Hawaii?

  • Mycobacterium marinum
  • Salmonella typhi
  • Vibrio cholera
  • Angiostrongylus cantonensis (correct)

What is the recommended treatment for Listeria monocytogenes infection?

<p>High dose IV ampicillin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is NOT recommended for use in the treatment of cholera?

<p>Amoxicillin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of transmission for Vibrio cholera?

<p>Water or food contamination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vaccine is Dukoral for cholera and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)?

<p>Oral inactivated whole-cell B subunit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the protective efficacy of Shanchol, an oral inactivated bivalent whole cell cholera vaccine?

<p>~65-67% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned as not to be taken 60 minutes before and after Vaxchora (oral live attenuated cholera vaccine)?

<p>(Chloroquine) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Rice water stools" are a characteristic symptom of which infectious disease?

<p>Cholera (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the traditional definition of Travelers Diarrhea?

<p>Three or more unformed stools in a 24 hour period (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microbial agent causes the highest percentage of Travelers’ Diarrhea?

<p>Enteroaggregative E. coli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which time period was self-treatment with Quinolones, macrolides, and rifamycins popular for Travelers Diarrhea?

<p>1990s - 2000s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diarrhea is defined as tolerable, not distressing, and does not interfere with planned activities?

<p>Mild (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial agent is NOT a common cause of Travelers’ Diarrhea?

<p>Clostridium difficile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Expert Panel convened in 2018 aim to establish?

<p>New guidelines for antibiotic usage in Travelers’ Diarrhea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the standard prophylaxis for Travelers' Diarrhea from the 1970s to 1985?

<p>( Bactrim, doxycycline ) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'new' approach in 2018 for treating Travelers’ Diarrhea?

<p>Expert panel convened for establishing new guidelines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial agent causes a high percentage of Travelers’ Diarrhea?

<p>Campylobacter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective preventive measure against travelers' diarrhea?

<p>Boiled, filtered, bottled water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recommended for the prevention of travelers' diarrhea?

<p>60% alcohol hand sanitizer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of giardiasis as mentioned in the text?

<p>Diarrhea with foul-smelling, greasy stools (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen can be transmitted via fecal-oral route and causes symptoms such as anorexia, fatigue, weight loss, and foul-smelling stools?

<p>Giardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which traditional method is used for the detection of enteric pathogens?

<p>Stool culture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is caused by gram-negative bacteria and can lead to bullous cellulitis after saltwater exposure?

<p>Vibrio vulnificus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main preventive measure suggested to avoid leptospirosis?

<p>Covering abrasions and cuts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Leptospirosis?

<p>Doxycycline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line antibiotic recommended for severe travelers' diarrhea?

<p>Azithromycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT recommended for the prevention of travelers' diarrhea?

<p>Unpasteurized milk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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