Trastornos Psicológicos - Quiz
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Questions and Answers

La dismorfofobia es un síntoma que nos ayuda a realizar el diagnóstico diferencial entre anorexia y bulimia. Es un criterio clínico más prevalente en la anorexia nerviosa.

False

El temblor de la ansiedad es un temblor de reposo.

False

El estado de estupor es una alteración cualitativa de la conciencia que se da en las demencias avanzadas.

False

La desrealización se centra en la sensación de estar desconectado de uno mismo y la despersonalización se centra en la percepción del entorno.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

En un episodio de manía en el que la persona está muy eufórica. Este sí tiene control de sí mismo, pero con mucho esfuerzo.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

La fuga de ideas se acompaña de logorrea

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

El ambiente educativo con intensa exigencia de normas y ausencia de afecto produce personalidades acomplejadas.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Las confabulaciones genuinas es un proceso normal de relleno lógico de los huecos del recuerdo.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Los rasgos de personalidad más prevalentes en las pacientes con anorexia nerviosa son la impulsividad.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Juan tiene 5 años y todas las noches tiene pesadillas en las que su madre se aleja lejos de su madre. Además, es un niño que se queja frecuentemente de dolores de cabeza y estómago. Estas características son propias de un trastorno de ansiedad por separación.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Trastornos Psicológicos

  • Dismorfofobia: A symptom that helps differentiate anorexia from bulimia. More prevalent in anorexia nervosa. (Verdadero)
  • Temblor de ansiedad: Not a resting tremor. Parkinson's tremor is a resting tremor. (Falso)
  • Estupor: A quantitative, not qualitative, change in consciousness in some conditions like schizophrenia, not dementia. (Falso)
  • Desrealización/Despersonalización: Desrealización is focused on the perception of the environment, whereas depersonalization is focused on the feeling of being disconnected from oneself. (Falso)
  • Manía: A manic episode involves a lack of control, not just effort, over one's behavior. (Falso)
  • Fuga de ideas: Accompanied by pressured speech (logorrhea). (Verdadero)
  • Ambiente educativo: Intense norms and lack of affection can create complex personalities. (Verdadero)
  • Confabulaciones: False memories that fill in gaps in memory, not a normal process. (Falso)
  • Rasgos de personalidad en anorexia: Obsessive-compulsive, not impulsivity, are prevalent traits in anorexia nervosa. (Falso)
  • Ansiedad por separación: A diagnosis in a 5-year-old child experiencing nightmares and stomach/headaches, recurrently. (Verdadero)
  • Estado crepuscular histérico: Reactive to real-life situations causing distress. (verdadero)

Otros Trastornos y Conceptos

  • DSM-5 & Diagnóstico de Trastorno de Personalidad: A persistent pattern of experience and behavior deviating from cultural expectations in multiple areas (cognition, affect, functioning, and impulse control). (Verdadero)

  • Trastorno Bipolar Tipo II: Involves both depressive and hypomanic episodes. (Verdadero)

  • Criptomnesia/Amnesia: Criptomnesia is a form of over-remembering, while amnesia is a form of under-remembering; both originate from psychological sources. (Falso)

  • Fobia específica y agorafobia: The difference is that in agoraphobia the individual fears situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable. (Verdadero)

  • Trastorno explosivo intermitente: Characterized by disproportionate outbursts of anger. (Falso)

  • Acatisia: An akinetic movement disorder caused by antipsychotic medications. (Verdadero)

  • Falta de conciencia de enfermedad: Often a sign of more significant mental distress, not less serious. (Falso)

  • Paralisis del sueño: A sleep disorder in which a person feels unable to move or speak during sleep, often occurring during REM sleep. (Verdadero)

  • Trastorno eréctil: A disorder where a man is unable to maintain an erection, often linked to anxiety. (Verdadero)

  • Eco de pensamiento/pensamiento sonoro: A form of delusional experience, not a form of thought broadcasting. (Falso)

  • Desplazamiento: Redirection of aggression—to oneself, not an example of displacement. (Falso)

  • Cociente Intelectual: A valid suspicion in cases of persistent school failure. (Verdadero)

  • Retraso mental: Most common form is moderate retardation. (Falso)

  • Cleptomanía: Characterized by a cycle of impulsive stealing, followed by shame and remorse. (Verdadero)

  • Dependencia emocional: Excessive dependence on another person—a type of personality disorder. (Verdadero)

  • Trastorno de personalidad del cluster B: Involves a set of personality traits, and is not a diagnoses on its own. (Verdadero)

  • Amnesias anterógradas: Inability to form new memories after a specific event. (Falso)

  • Delirios de referencia: False beliefs that everyday occurrences or events are specifically directed to oneself. (Verdadero)

  • Miembro fantasma: Negative experience, not an example of a positive experience. (Falso)

  • Trastorno Bipolar tipo II: The presence of both depressive and hypomanic symptoms is key. (Verdadero)

  • Síntomas emocionales: A high prevalence in a general population sample in clinical settings. (Falso)

  • Ansiedad generalizada: Persistent concern and worry, with associated physical symptoms. (Verdadero)

Más Conceptos y Trastornos

  • Hiperfagia ansiosa: Eating in response to negative feelings. (Falso) - (Síndrome de ingesta nocturna alimentaria)

  • Trastorno de pánico: Characterised by a sudden period of extreme fear or distress. (Falso)

  • Pseudoalucinaciones: Sensations that feel real but are not a product of external stimuli. (Falso)

  • Flujo de ideas: Associated with increased mental activity and impulsiveness, prevalent in manic states. (Verdadero)

  • Hipermnesias: An uncommon phenomenon that involves an unusual heightened degree of memory ability. (Falso) (related to a memory issue, not generally the same as heightened memory)

  • Desrealización/despersonalización: Despersonalization is disconnect from self, desrealization detachment from environment. (Falso)

  • Paralogias, neologismos y alogias: Paralogisms are defective in reasoning/logic, neologismo creation of new words, alogias is the reduction of speech. (Falso)

  • Manierismos: Abnormal or unusual mannerisms/motor behaviors seen in some psychological conditions. (Falso)

  • Tics: Repetitive, involuntary movements. (Falso)

  • Ilusiones perceptivas: Errors on perception to stimulus.

  • Telepatía: The ability to communicate or receive thoughts without physical means; is not a legitimate phenomenon. (Verdadero)

  • Eyaculación precoz: Comes after the excitement phase, not before. (Falso)

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Este quiz evalúa tus conocimientos sobre diversos trastornos psicológicos. Analiza síntomas y diferencias clave en condiciones como la anorexia, la bulimia y más. ¡Pon a prueba tu comprensión de la psicología clínica!

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