Transposons

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Questions and Answers

Which type of transposon moves from one genomic location to another by a simple cut-and-paste mechanism?

  • DNA transposons (correct)
  • Both RNA and DNA transposons
  • Neither RNA nor DNA transposons
  • RNA transposons

What is the process of RNA transposons copying themselves first into RNA by using host RNA polymerase called?

  • Translation
  • Transcription (correct)
  • Transposition
  • Reverse transcription

What is the name of the enzyme that RNA transposons use to reverse transcribe RNA into single stranded cDNA?

  • RNA polymerase
  • Integrase
  • DNA polymerase
  • Reverse transcriptase (correct)

What is the name of the enzyme that RNA transposons use to insert double stranded DNA into another genomic location?

<p>Integrase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when transposition occurs in the promoter region of a gene?

<p>It alters the gene's gene expression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when transposition occurs in the coding region of a gene?

<p>It alters the gene's protein sequence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when transposition occurs in the intron/exon boundaries of a gene?

<p>It disrupts the gene's mRNA splicing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when transposition occurs in introns of a gene?

<p>It does not affect the gene's expression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of retrotransposons do Alu sequences belong to?

<p>SINEs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the genome contains non-gene related sequences?

<p>60% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the genome contains gene-related sequences?

<p>40% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What have Alu transpositions been associated with?

<p>Various forms of cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

DNA transposons

They move via a cut-and-paste mechanism.

Transcription

RNA transposons copy themselves into RNA using host RNA polymerase.

Reverse transcriptase

Enzyme that reverse transcribes RNA into single-stranded cDNA.

Integrase

Enzyme that inserts double-stranded DNA into a new genomic location.

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Transposition in promoter region

Gene expression is altered.

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Transposition in coding region

Protein sequence is altered.

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Transposition in intron/exon boundaries

mRNA splicing is disrupted.

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Transposition in introns

Gene expression is not affected.

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SINEs

Alu sequences are Short INterspersed Elements (SINEs).

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Non-gene related sequences

60% of the human genome that is not related to genes.

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Gene-related sequences

The 40% of the genome that codes for genes.

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Cancer

Alu transpositions have been linked to these diseases.

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