Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of agglutination reaction occurs when an antigen is attached to a particle and an antibody is in the solution?
What type of agglutination reaction occurs when an antigen is attached to a particle and an antibody is in the solution?
- Passive Agglutination (correct)
- Direct Agglutination
- Agglutination Inhibition
- Reverse-Passive Agglutination
What is the purpose of Coomb's Test?
What is the purpose of Coomb's Test?
- To diagnose autoimmune hemolytic anemia (correct)
- To detect the presence of antigens in a patient's serum
- To identify the type of antigen-antibody reaction
- To detect the presence of antibodies in a patient's serum
What is the term for the process of gradually reducing the concentration of an antibody or antigen in a serum sample?
What is the term for the process of gradually reducing the concentration of an antibody or antigen in a serum sample?
- Dilution
- Serial Dilution (correct)
- Compound Dilution
- Simple Dilution
What is the primary purpose of preparing a patient specimen for serological testing?
What is the primary purpose of preparing a patient specimen for serological testing?
What is the term for the process by which antibodies bind to antigens, resulting in the formation of a lattice structure?
What is the term for the process by which antibodies bind to antigens, resulting in the formation of a lattice structure?
What type of hazard is associated with transporting patient specimens?
What type of hazard is associated with transporting patient specimens?
What is the term for the process by which an antibody binds to an antigen, resulting in the formation of a complex?
What is the term for the process by which an antibody binds to an antigen, resulting in the formation of a complex?
What is the purpose of an MSDS in a laboratory setting?
What is the purpose of an MSDS in a laboratory setting?
What is the first step to break the chain of infection?
What is the first step to break the chain of infection?
What is a crucial aspect of working safely in a clinical laboratory?
What is a crucial aspect of working safely in a clinical laboratory?
What is essential for the transmission of infection?
What is essential for the transmission of infection?
What is an important aspect of specimen preparation?
What is an important aspect of specimen preparation?
Why is it important to follow guidelines for biohazardous waste disposal?
Why is it important to follow guidelines for biohazardous waste disposal?
What is a crucial element in preventing laboratory-acquired infections?
What is a crucial element in preventing laboratory-acquired infections?
What is essential for clinical laboratorians to learn?
What is essential for clinical laboratorians to learn?
What is a key aspect of safety in a clinical laboratory?
What is a key aspect of safety in a clinical laboratory?
What is the primary method of infection transmission?
What is the primary method of infection transmission?
Why is PPE necessary when handling certain equipment?
Why is PPE necessary when handling certain equipment?
What is the purpose of having a threshold limit value for radioactive materials?
What is the purpose of having a threshold limit value for radioactive materials?
When should hands be washed?
When should hands be washed?
What is essential for transporting suspected infectious specimens?
What is essential for transporting suspected infectious specimens?
What is the purpose of applying anti-microbial soap when washing hands?
What is the purpose of applying anti-microbial soap when washing hands?
How long should hands be washed for?
How long should hands be washed for?
Who developed the proper labelling for transporting infectious specimens?
Who developed the proper labelling for transporting infectious specimens?
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Study Notes
Transporting Patient Specimen
- A transport container must be watertight, made of glass, metal, or plastic with a positive (screw-on) cap, and follow DOT and IATA rules for suspected infectious specimen
- Understanding the transmission of microorganisms is necessary to prevent infection
- Sharps hazards, chemical hazards, and radioactive waste must be considered in the laboratory
Safety in the Laboratory
- The laboratory contains a wide variety of safety hazards, including biohazardous waste, radioactive materials, and carcinogenic chemicals
- Laboratorians must learn what hazards exist and take precautions, applying basic safety rules and common sense
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is necessary when handling hazardous materials
- Hand contact is the number one method of infection transmission, and hands should be washed frequently, especially before patient contact, after removing gloves, and before leaving the working area
Handwashing
- Handwashing is the most powerful technique to break the infection cycle
- Water must be continuous during washing, and hands must be wet with warm water
- Anti-microbial soap must be applied, and hands must be rubbed to form a lather, creating friction to loosen debris
- Hands must be thoroughly cleaned, including between fingers, under fingernails, and up to the wrist, for at least 20 seconds
Agglutination Reaction
- Agglutination is a type of precipitation reaction that occurs between antibodies and soluble antigens
- Steps in agglutination reaction include lattice formation and coagglutination
- Types of agglutination reaction include direct, passive, reverse-passive, and agglutination inhibition
Chain of Infection
- The chain of infection is a cycle that involves source, mode of transmission, and susceptible host
- Breaking the chain of infection requires a continuous link between these three elements
- Breaking the chain of infection can be achieved by handwashing, biohazardous waste disposal, and proper specimen bagging
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