Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves?
What is the primary function of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves?
- To prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles. (correct)
- To pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
- To facilitate blood flow from the ventricles into the atria.
- To regulate blood pressure during diastole.
During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atria contract, resulting in increased pressure in the atria?
During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atria contract, resulting in increased pressure in the atria?
- Isovolumetric relaxation.
- Diastole.
- Ventricular systole.
- Atrial systole. (correct)
How do changes in volume and pressure occur during atrial and ventricular diastole?
How do changes in volume and pressure occur during atrial and ventricular diastole?
- Volume increases and pressure decreases as blood enters the atria. (correct)
- Volume decreases and pressure increases as blood enters the ventricles.
- Volume decreases and pressure remains constant, promoting blood flow.
- Volume remains constant while pressure increases in the atria.
What impact does atherosclerosis have on the cardiac cycle?
What impact does atherosclerosis have on the cardiac cycle?
Which condition is characterized by a sudden loss of blood supply to the heart muscle?
Which condition is characterized by a sudden loss of blood supply to the heart muscle?
What is the main function of the atria in the mammalian heart?
What is the main function of the atria in the mammalian heart?
Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle in the mammalian heart?
Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle in the mammalian heart?
What characterizes the cardiac cycle during systole?
What characterizes the cardiac cycle during systole?
Hypertension is primarily caused by which factor?
Hypertension is primarily caused by which factor?
Atherosclerosis in the cardiovascular system is characterized by what?
Atherosclerosis in the cardiovascular system is characterized by what?
Which of the following is a potential consequence of myocardial infarction?
Which of the following is a potential consequence of myocardial infarction?
The right atrium receives which type of blood?
The right atrium receives which type of blood?
What separates the right chambers from the left chambers of the mammalian heart?
What separates the right chambers from the left chambers of the mammalian heart?
What occurs immediately after the AV valves shut during ventricular systole?
What occurs immediately after the AV valves shut during ventricular systole?
What is the primary cause of the 'lub' heart sound?
What is the primary cause of the 'lub' heart sound?
Which phase of the cardiac cycle is characterized by blood flowing from the atrium to the ventricle?
Which phase of the cardiac cycle is characterized by blood flowing from the atrium to the ventricle?
What happens to ventricular volume at point C in the cardiac cycle?
What happens to ventricular volume at point C in the cardiac cycle?
In which condition is the pressure in the ventricles particularly elevated during systole?
In which condition is the pressure in the ventricles particularly elevated during systole?
What occurs during diastole in relation to the semilunar valves?
What occurs during diastole in relation to the semilunar valves?
How long does one complete heartbeat last?
How long does one complete heartbeat last?
What is the primary mechanism that causes the closure of the semilunar valves?
What is the primary mechanism that causes the closure of the semilunar valves?
Flashcards
Where is the heart located?
Where is the heart located?
The heart is a muscular organ located within the chest cavity, between the lungs and behind the breastbone (sternum).
What is the pericardium?
What is the pericardium?
The fibrous sac that encloses the heart is called the pericardium. It contains a lubricating fluid called pericardial fluid.
What are the functions of the pericardium?
What are the functions of the pericardium?
The pericardium is a double-layered sac that prevents the heart from overstretching and reduces friction during heartbeats.
What are the chambers of the heart?
What are the chambers of the heart?
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What is the function of the atria?
What is the function of the atria?
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What is the function of the ventricles?
What is the function of the ventricles?
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What is the septum?
What is the septum?
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Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right?
Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right?
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What is the cardiac cycle?
What is the cardiac cycle?
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What is Diastole?
What is Diastole?
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What is Systole?
What is Systole?
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What happens during atrial and ventricular diastole?
What happens during atrial and ventricular diastole?
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What happens during atrial systole?
What happens during atrial systole?
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Ventricular Systole
Ventricular Systole
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Semilunar Valve Opening
Semilunar Valve Opening
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AV Valve Closure
AV Valve Closure
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Ventricular Diastole
Ventricular Diastole
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Lub sound
Lub sound
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Dup sound
Dup sound
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Cardiac cycle
Cardiac cycle
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Diastole
Diastole
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Study Notes
Transport Systems
- Transport systems in animals and plants move materials around the organism.
- Mammals have a closed circulatory system with a four-chambered heart.
- The heart is surrounded by a fibrous sac called the pericardium.
- The pericardium contains pericardial fluid, reducing friction during heartbeats.
- The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.
- Atria receive blood, ventricles pump blood.
- The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs.
- The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.
- Valves prevent backflow of blood.
Cardiac Cycle
- The cardiac cycle describes the sequence of events during one heartbeat.
- Systole is the contraction phase, diastole is the relaxation phase.
- Atrial and ventricular diastole involves relaxation and filling, increasing volume and decreasing pressure.
- Atrial systole involves contraction pushing blood from the atria into the ventricles increasing pressure.
- Ventricular systole involves contraction pushing blood out from the ventricles to the body and lungs, increasing pressure.
Lymphatic System
- A network of vessels that collect fluid called lymph.
- The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system.
- Lymph nodes filter lymph, removing pathogens and debris.
- Lymph nodes also produce lymphocytes, assisting in the body's immune response.
- Lymph vessels return filtered lymph fluid back to the circulatory system.
Cardiovascular Diseases
- Cardiovascular disorders affect the heart and blood vessels.
- Hypertension is a condition of chronically/persistently elevated arterial blood pressure.
- Â Arteriosclerosis is the thickening and stiffening of artery walls.
- Myocardial infarction is the death of heart muscle tissue due to a lack of blood supply.
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