Transport in Organisms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of blood in the human body?

  • To carry nutrients and oxygen to cells (correct)
  • To maintain pH levels
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To produce hormones

    • Which vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

  • Venules
  • Capillaries
  • Veins
  • Arteries (correct)

    • What type of circulatory system do arthropods possess?

  • Hydraulic circulatory system
  • Pulsating circulatory system
  • Closed circulatory system
  • Open circulatory system (correct)

    • What causes the 'lub' sound in the heart?

    <p>Closing of the atrioventricular valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which organisms does gas exchange occur directly between the surrounding water and the body fluid?

    <p>Cnidarians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of blood is composed of plasma?

    <p>55%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system in all organisms?

    <p>To supply nutrients and gases and collect metabolic wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formed element in the blood is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?

    <p>Erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organism typically utilizes a pseudocoelom for circulation?

    <p>Roundworms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT part of the blood plasma?

    <p>Erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a closed circulatory system from an open circulatory system?

    <p>Blood is contained within blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lifespan of erythrocytes in the human body?

    <p>Four months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does water enter the sponge for gas exchange?

    <p>Through tiny pores in its body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood vessel is mainly responsible for nutrient and gas exchange?

    <p>Capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is characterized as having a closed circulatory system?

    <p>Octopus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hemocoels in an organism with an open circulatory system?

    <p>They are sites for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

    <p>To supply gases, nutrients, and hormones while collecting metabolic wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component divides the heart into two sides?

    <p>The septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?

    <p>Right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal resting heart rate for an adult?

    <p>60 to 70 beats per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when the tricuspid valve closes?

    <p>Blood prevents backflow into the right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to blood in the lungs during gas exchange?

    <p>It gives off carbon dioxide and takes in oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much blood does a typical adult heart pump with each heartbeat?

    <p>About 5.5 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do one-way atrioventricular valves play in the heart?

    <p>They prevent blood from flowing back into the atria from the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

    <p>Facilitate the exchange of materials between blood and cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily responsible for preventing the backward flow of blood in veins?

    <p>Valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first to demonstrate that the heart and blood vessels form a closed circulatory system?

    <p>William Harvey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood is carried by the superior and inferior venae cavae?

    <p>Deoxygenated blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following circulations is responsible for supplying blood to the heart muscle itself?

    <p>Coronary circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of a blockage in the blood vessels supplying the heart?

    <p>Heart attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes capillaries from arteries and veins?

    <p>Capillaries have only one layer of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about systemic circulation is true?

    <p>It moves blood from the heart to the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transport in Organisms

    • Transport in organisms is vital for moving materials like fluids and nutrients to all body parts.
    • Transport methods vary based on organism size, complexity, and habitat.
    • Simple animals (sponges and cnidarians): Gas exchange directly between water and circulating body fluid.
    • In sponges, water enters through pores into the spongocoel for gas exchange.
    • Cnidarians have a body wall one cell thick, allowing direct contact with the external environment.
    • Roundworms use body fluids for circulation, as they are in contact with the tissues and organs.
    • Two main circulatory types exist: open and closed.
    • Open circulation: In invertebrates, hemolymph circulates through channels and cavities. Gas exchange happens in these cavities.
    • Closed circulation: Blood circulates within vessels, pumped by the heart. Insects and arthropods have open circulatory systems.
    • Vertebrates have closed circulatory systems, with hearts and blood vessels.
    • Circulatory systems vary in the number of heart chambers among vertebrates.
    • Circulatory systems are adapted to carry nutrients, gases, and remove wastes to keep the organism alive.
    • The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

    Heart Structure and Function

    • An adult human heart beats approximately 72 times per minute, pumping about 5.5 liters of blood.
    • Heart rate can vary based on activity (e.g., faster during exercise).
    • An adult heart is about the size of a fist, composed of cardiac muscle, nervous tissue, and connective tissue.
    • It's enclosed in a pericardium.
    • The heart is divided into two sides (right and left) by a septum.
    • The right side receives deoxygenated blood from the body, while the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
    • Chambers: Atria (upper chambers) and Ventricles (lower chambers).
    • Valves (atrioventricular and semilunar) prevent backflow.
    • Key valves are the mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valves. Heart sounds are caused by valve closures (lub-dub).
    • The pulmonary and systemic circulation circuits work together.

    Blood and Circulation

    • Blood carries nutrients, gases, waste products, and hormones.
    • Blood is composed of plasma (liquid part) and formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).
    • Erythrocytes carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.
    • Leukocytes help fight infection.
    • Thrombocytes are essential in blood clotting.
    • Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
    • Veins carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart.
    • Capillaries connect arteries and veins, allowing exchange of materials between blood and cells.
    • Renal circulation involves the kidneys filtering nitrogenous wastes from the blood.
    • Coronary circulation supplies the heart muscle with blood.

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    Transport in Organisms PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the various transport mechanisms used by different organisms, focusing on how fluids and nutrients are circulated. You'll learn about the differences between open and closed circulatory systems and how these systems adapt to the needs of various species. Test your understanding of how transportation is essential for survival in living organisms.

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