Transport in Humans and Plants
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the heart in the circulatory system?

  • To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs
  • To act as a pumping organ to circulate blood (correct)
  • To repair damaged blood vessels
  • To filter impurities from the blood

    • Why does the heart have different chambers?

  • To allow blood to flow more quickly
  • To prevent the mixing of oxygen-rich blood and carbon dioxide-rich blood (correct)
  • To increase the size of the heart
  • To mix oxygen-rich blood with carbon dioxide-rich blood

    • What must happen to carbon dioxide-rich blood before it is sent back to the heart?

  • It must be filtered by the kidneys
  • It must be pumped to the muscles for oxygenation
  • It must reach the lungs for carbon dioxide removal (correct)
  • It must mix with oxygenated blood in the systemic circulation

    • How does oxygenated blood travel through the body?

    <p>It circulates through the heart and is pumped out to the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system is necessary to ensure that the network of blood vessels can function properly?

    <p>A system for repairing damaged blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the xylem in plant transport systems?

    <p>Move water and minerals from the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might larger distances in plant designs necessitate a transport system?

    <p>Diffusion processes cannot efficiently supply raw materials and energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do water and minerals enter the root from the soil?

    <p>By the formation of a concentration difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the energy needs of plants compared to their transport systems?

    <p>Plants generally have low energy needs allowing for slower transport systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant structural feature of xylem tissue?

    <p>It consists of interconnected vessels and tracheids forming continuous channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?

    <p>To store urine until it is expelled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition may result from reduced kidney activity?

    <p>Accumulation of poisonous wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an artificial kidney function during dialysis?

    <p>By passing blood through tubes with a semi-permeable lining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the dialysing fluid used in artificial kidneys?

    <p>It has the same osmotic pressure as blood but is waste-free</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT negatively impact kidney function?

    <p>Increased hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage that terrestrial organisms have over aquatic organisms regarding oxygen acquisition for respiration?

    <p>Terrestrial organisms have a higher oxygen concentration in their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is NOT a way glucose is oxidized to provide energy in organisms?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is carbon dioxide primarily transported in human beings?

    <p>As bicarbonate ions in plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature of human lungs maximizes the area for gas exchange?

    <p>Presence of alveoli and their extensive surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component of blood is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen?

    <p>Red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system in human beings?

    <p>Transporting oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of xylem in plants?

    <p>Transport of water and minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What waste products do the nephrons in human kidneys primarily remove?

    <p>Soluble nitrogen compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following techniques do plants NOT use to dispose of waste material?

    <p>Excretion through roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors are essential for autotrophic nutrition in plants?

    <p>Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transport in Humans

    • Blood is a fluid connective tissue that transports food, carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes, and oxygen
    • Plasma is the fluid medium in which blood cells are suspended, transporting food, carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes, and salts.
    • Red blood cells transport oxygen.
    • Heart is the muscular organ that pumps blood around the body. It has four chambers to prevent mixing of oxygen-rich and carbon dioxide-rich blood.
    • Oxygen-rich blood from the lungs goes to the heart, then pumped to the rest of the body.
    • Carbon dioxide-rich blood goes to the lungs to release carbon dioxide.
    • Network of tubes (blood vessels) deliver blood to all tissues.
    • Haemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen.
    • Haemoglobin levels vary between males and females, and children and adults.

    Transport in Plants

    • Xylem tissues transport water and minerals from the soil.
    • Phloem tissues transport photosynthetic products from leaves to other parts of the plant.
    • Water uptake by roots occurs due to active uptake of ions.
    • Large plant bodies require transport systems due to increased distances between roots and leaves.
    • Plant transport systems are independently organized conducting tubes (xylem and phloem).

    Excretion in Humans

    • Nephrons (functional units of kidneys) filter blood and remove nitrogenous waste products.
    • Urine is stored in the urinary bladder.
    • Urethra is the tube through which urine is expelled.
    • Kidneys are vital organs that regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance.
    • Kidney failure can lead to accumulation of toxins in the body.
    • Artificial kidney (hemodialysis) is a device that filters blood to remove waste products.

    Excretion in Plants

    • Waste materials in plants can be stored in vacuoles, expelled as gum or resin, removed through falling leaves, or excreted into the soil.

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating systems of transport in both humans and plants. This quiz covers the roles of blood, plasma, and heart in human transport, as well as xylem and phloem functions in plants. Test your knowledge on how these transport systems work and their significance.

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