39 Questions
What is the main function of Langerhan cells in the epidermis?
Protecting against infections
Which layer of the skin is composed of dead, flattened keratinocytes that are eventually shed?
Stratum corneum
Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, and hair follicles?
Reticular dermis
What is the function of sebaceous glands in the dermis?
Producing sebum
Which type of skin cancer is the most common?
Basal cell carcinoma
What is a risk factor for skin cancer?
Being exposed to UV radiation
Which type of cell in the epidermis is responsible for the continual renewal of the skin?
Basal cells
What is the primary cause of basal cell carcinoma?
Exposure to UV radiation
What are the common symptoms of basal cell carcinoma?
Small, raised, translucent or pearly bump on the skin
Which treatment option involves the removal of thin layers of tissue and immediate microscopic examination to ensure complete tumor removal?
Mohs micrographic surgery
Which treatment option is typically used for superficial basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) in non-critical areas?
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
What is the main reason why chemotherapy is not usually considered for treating BCC?
BCC rarely metastasizes
When is chemotherapy used as a treatment option for BCC?
When BCC cannot be surgically removed
What are some post-treatment effects of BCC on patients?
Increased sun sensitivity
What is the primary cause of basal cell carcinoma?
Exposure to UV radiation from sun or tanning beds
What is the main function of basal cells in the epidermis?
Continual renewal of the epidermis
Which treatment option is typically used for larger or aggressive basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and those located in areas where preservation of the surrounding tissue is important?
Surgical excision
What is the technique that uses a specialized handheld device to examine skin lesions with high magnification and illumination?
Dermoscopy
Which type of biopsy involves removing a sample of skin tissue using a specialized instrument depending on the size and location of the lesion?
Punch biopsy
Which treatment option involves freezing the basal cell carcinoma with liquid nitrogen to destroy cancer cells?
Cryotherapy
What is the least common type of skin cancer?
Actinic keratosis
Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, and hair follicles?
Dermis
Which type of skin cancer is characterized by changing moles with irregular borders and varied color?
Melanoma
What is the most common type of skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
Which layer of the skin serves as a boundary between the skin and underlying muscles and organs?
Hypodermis
What is the function of sebaceous glands in the dermis?
Producing sebum to lubricate skin and hair
Which layer of the skin is responsible for producing the pigment melanin?
Basal layer
What is the primary function of Langerhan cells in the epidermis?
Helping protect against infections
Which type of cell in the epidermis is involved in touch and sensory perception?
Merkel cells
What is the primary function of the dermis?
Containing connective tissue, blood vessels, and sweat glands
What is the primary function of melanocytes in the skin?
Distributing melanin for pigmentation and protection against UV radiation
What is the primary function of the stratum corneum?
Serving as a protective barrier between the body and external environment
Which treatment option is typically recommended for individuals who cannot undergo surgery or radiation?
Targeted therapy
What is the primary purpose of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in treating basal cell carcinomas (BCCs)?
To destroy the cancer cells using a light source
Why is chemotherapy not typically considered as a treatment option for basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
BCC typically grows locally and rarely metastasizes
What is a potential post-treatment effect of BCC on patients?
Scarring
What is the recommended follow-up care for patients who have undergone treatment for BCC?
Regular appointments with a dermatologist
What can be a potential emotional impact of BCC on patients?
All of the above
What is the main purpose of education and prevention for post-treatment BCC patients?
To educate about skin cancer prevention and early detection
Study Notes
Skin Structure and Function
- Langerhan cells in the epidermis are responsible for antigen presentation and initiating immune responses.
- The stratum corneum is the layer of the skin composed of dead, flattened keratinocytes that are eventually shed.
- The dermis is the layer of the skin that contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, and hair follicles.
- Sebaceous glands in the dermis produce sebum, an oily substance that helps to moisturize the skin.
Skin Cancer
- Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer.
- A risk factor for skin cancer is exposure to UV radiation.
- Squamous cells in the epidermis are responsible for the continual renewal of the skin.
- The primary cause of basal cell carcinoma is exposure to UV radiation.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
- The primary cause of BCC is exposure to UV radiation.
- Common symptoms of BCC include a shiny bump or a sore that bleeds and does not heal.
- Mohs surgery is a treatment option that involves the removal of thin layers of tissue and immediate microscopic examination to ensure complete tumor removal.
- Topical treatments are typically used for superficial BCCs in non-critical areas.
- Chemotherapy is not usually considered for treating BCC because it is not an effective treatment option for this type of cancer.
- Chemotherapy is used as a treatment option for BCC when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
- Post-treatment effects of BCC on patients can include scarring, changes in skin texture, and emotional distress.
Treatment Options
- Cryotherapy involves freezing the BCC with liquid nitrogen to destroy cancer cells.
- Surgical excision is typically used for larger or aggressive BCCs and those located in areas where preservation of the surrounding tissue is important.
- Dermatoscopy is a technique that uses a specialized handheld device to examine skin lesions with high magnification and illumination.
- Punch biopsy involves removing a sample of skin tissue using a specialized instrument depending on the size and location of the lesion.
Skin Cancer Types
- Melanoma is characterized by changing moles with irregular borders and varied color.
- Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that is less common than BCC.
- Melanocytes in the skin are responsible for producing the pigment melanin.
Skin Functions
- The dermis provides a barrier against external factors and supports the skin's structure.
- Merkel cells in the epidermis are involved in touch and sensory perception.
- The primary function of the epidermis is to provide a barrier against external factors and regulate water loss.
Post-Treatment Care
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used to treat BCCs by destroying cancer cells with a specialized light treatment.
- The recommended follow-up care for patients who have undergone treatment for BCC includes regular skin examinations and self-examinations.
- A potential emotional impact of BCC on patients can include anxiety and depression.
- The main purpose of education and prevention for post-treatment BCC patients is to reduce the risk of recurrence and promote sun-safe practices.
Test your knowledge on the treatment options and prevention methods for organ transplant recipients. Learn about basal cell carcinoma, its causes, symptoms, and genetic aspects. Find out how to protect your skin from excessive sun exposure and reduce the risk of developing skin cancer.
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