Transmission Line Fundamentals: Module 1

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Questions and Answers

What does a transmission line do?

Absorbs electrical energy

Transfers electrical energy from one point to another (correct)

Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy

Stores electrical energy

Which of the following is NOT a type of transmission line mentioned in the text?

Unbalanced TL

Balanced TL

Optical fiber (correct)

Coaxial cable

What is the purpose of defining characteristic impedance in a transmission line?

To measure resistance

To match impedance for signal transfer efficiency (correct)

To calculate power losses

To determine signal speed on the line

Which of the following is included in the learning objectives for this module?

Identify categories of transmission media Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate characteristic impedance in a transmission line, as mentioned in the text?

$Z_c = \sqrt{\frac{L}{C}}$ Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the deliverables listed under assessment for this module?

Answer drill exercises at the end of the module Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using a balanced (Parallel-Conductor) Transmission Line in terms of construction?

Simple construction Signup and view all the answers

Why are non-conductive spacers placed at periodic intervals in a Balanced (Parallel-Conductor) Transmission Line?

For support and to keep distance between the conductors Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of a Twin Lead transmission line?

It uses continuous solid dielectric spacers Signup and view all the answers

Why are neighboring pairs in Twisted Pair transmission lines twisted with different pitch?

To decrease interference due to mutual inductance Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transmission line is sometimes referred to as 'ladder line'?

Open-Wire Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of an air gap between parallel wires in Open-Wire Transmission Lines help achieve?

Cost-effective insulation when space is not a big issue Signup and view all the answers

What type of cable is commonly used in TV broadcast?

Rigid-air filled coaxial cable Signup and view all the answers

In what applications are shielded twisted pair cables commonly used?

Security systems to avoid interference Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the conductive metal braid in shielded twisted pair cables?

To act as a shield against interference Signup and view all the answers

What is the insulating material in a flexible coaxial cable primarily made of?

Air Signup and view all the answers

Why are twisted-pair cables used in recording studios or public address systems?

To assure a balanced audio configuration Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cable is used as a transmission line for radio frequency signals?

Flexible coaxial cable Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic impedance of a transmission line?

Impedance seen looking at an infinitely long transmission line Signup and view all the answers

What is the Dielectric Loss in a transmission line mainly caused by?

Difference in potential between two conductors Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of loss that occurs when the electromagnetic field cuts through a nearby metallic object?

Radiation Loss Signup and view all the answers

In a transmission line, what causes Corona discharge to happen?

Exceeding the breakdown voltage between conductors Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for Conductor Loss in a transmission line?

I2R Loss Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the characteristic impedance of a coaxial line?

Presence of dielectric material Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Transmission Line Definition and Classification

Transmission line: any means of conveying signal or power from one point to another
Metallic conductor system used to transfer electrical energy from one point to another

Types of Transmission Line

Balanced transmission line: used when balanced properties are considered
- Examples:
  - Open-Wire Transmission Lines (simple, used for radio signals and power transmission)
  - Twin Lead (ribbon cable, continuous solid dielectric, used for radio transmitters and receivers)
  - Twisted pair (formed by twisting two insulated conductors, used in networking and communication)
  - Shielded Cable pair (twisted-pair enclosed in a conductive metal braid, used in security systems and audio configuration)
Unbalanced transmission line: used when unbalanced properties are considered
Coaxial transmission lines:
- Rigid-Air Filled (center conductor surrounded by a tubular outer conductor, used in TV broadcast)
- Flexible Coaxial Cable (outer conductor is braided, flexible, and coaxial to the center conductor, used in radio frequency signals, computer networks, and cable television)

Transmission Line Equivalent Circuit

Characteristic Impedance (Zo):
- Definition: impedance seen looking at an infinitely long transmission line or the impedance seen into a finite length of line terminated in a purely resistive load equal to the characteristic impedance of the line
- Formula for Two-Parallel Wire Line and Coaxial Line

Transmission Line Losses

Conductor (Copper) Loss (I2R loss): energy dissipated in the form of heat due to current flowing through conductors
Dielectric Losses: loss due to difference in potential between two conductors of the transmission line
Radiation or Induction Loss: loss caused by the fields surrounding the conductors
Corona: luminous discharge that occurs between the two conductors of a transmission line when the difference of potential between them exceeds the breakdown voltage

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This quiz covers topics related to transmission lines such as definition, types (balanced and unbalanced), equivalent circuit, characteristic impedance, mathematical model for calculating characteristic impedance, velocity factor, and transmission line losses. Get ready to test your knowledge!

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