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Questions and Answers
What is the classification of stratified epithelial tissue based on?
Which type of stratified epithelium contains nonnucleated dead cells in its superficial layer?
Where can non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium be found in the body?
Which region of the body is lined by stratified columnar epithelium?
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What is the cell shape of the superficial layer in stratified cuboidal epithelium?
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Which type of stratified squamous epithelium protects underlying structures and acts as a barrier against pathogens?
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What distinguishes keratinized stratified squamous epithelium from non-keratinized?
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Which type of stratified squamous epithelium lines the moist cavities of the mouth?
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Where can one find stratified columnar epithelium within the body?
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What shape are the superficial cells in stratified cuboidal epithelium?
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Study Notes
Transitional Epithelium
- Lines the major part of the urinary passage, also known as Urothelium
- Cell thickness depends on stretching; in a full bladder, it appears 2-3 layers thick, and in an empty bladder, 5-6 layers thick
- Cells become flattened on stretching due to distension of the bladder
- On relaxation in an empty bladder, cells become cuboidal or polygonal
- Basal cells are cuboidal and rest on basal lamina
- Cells of the upper layer are polygonal
- Cells of the most superficial layer are dome-shaped/umbrella-shaped and more eosinophilic due to the presence of plaque
- Plaque consists of intramembranous glycoproteins
- Surface cells may show mitotic activity (two nuclei in a single cell)
- Found in the renal calyces, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra
Stratified Epithelium
- Classified into four types based on the shape of the superficial layer: squamous, cuboidal, columnar, and stratified columnar
- Stratified squamous epithelium: composed of many layers of cells
- Basal layer composed of columnar or cuboidal cells
- Middle cell layers composed of polygonal cells
- Superficial layer composed of squamous cells
- Two types of stratified squamous epithelium: keratinized and non-keratinized
- Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium: found in skin
- Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium: found in the oral cavity, esophagus, vagina, and anal canal
- Functions: protects underlying structures and acts as a barrier against pathogenic organisms
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
- Found in the epithelial lining of some ducts of salivary glands, fornix of conjunctiva, and cavernous urethra
- Superficial layer composed of columnar cells
- Basal cells are cuboidal and rest on basal lamina
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Description
Test your knowledge on the structure and function of transitional epithelium cells in the urinary system. Learn about the differences in cell layers and appearance in a full versus empty bladder.
