Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Dr. Vivek Trivedi
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the stratum corneum in the human skin?

  • Serving as a barrier to penetration (correct)
  • Supplying blood to the skin
  • Generating the outer layer of the skin
  • Providing mechanical cushioning

    • Which component of the human skin is responsible for providing a thermal barrier and storing energy-producing chemicals?

  • Dermis
  • Subcutaneous layer (correct)
  • Epidermis
  • Basal layer

    • What is the primary purpose of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) mentioned in the text?

  • To bypass the need for prescriptions
  • To provide only local effects
  • To allow noninvasive drug delivery through the skin (correct)
  • To directly target internal organs

    • Which type of formulations are commonly prescribed or purchased for conditions like eczema and psoriasis?

    <p>Barrier preparations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate thickness of the stratum corneum, which acts as a major barrier to penetration?

    <p>10 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of human skin consists of connective tissues woven from proteins like collagen and elastin?

    <p>Dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary barrier to drug delivery in the skin?

    <p>The stratum corneum layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS)?

    <p>Increased risk of side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following properties is NOT desired for drugs delivered through the skin?

    <p>High hydrophilicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can enhance drug delivery through the skin?

    <p>Mechanical damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS)?

    <p>Reduced toxicity and side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the skin is composed of dead epidermal cells (keratinocytes)?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate proportion of repeat prescriptions that are for application to the skin, according to the text?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is NOT mentioned as a component of dermis connective tissues in the text?

    <p>Keratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, which of these is NOT a purpose of the human skin?

    <p>To produce blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a formulation associated with Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS), according to the text?

    <p>Emollients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a common preparation prescribed or purchased for skin conditions, according to the text?

    <p>Topical antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a function of the epidermis, according to the text?

    <p>Storing energy-producing chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physicochemical property of a drug makes it difficult to be delivered through the skin?

    <p>Large molecular weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the impact of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) on patient compliance?

    <p>TDDS improves patient compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which therapeutic area benefits least from Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS)?

    <p>Treatment of infectious diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the bioavailability of drugs delivered through TDDS?

    <p>Bioavailability is increased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS)?

    <p>Risk of systemic toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the role of the stratum corneum in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS)?

    <p>The stratum corneum is the primary barrier to drug delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS)

    • TDDS involve non-invasive drug delivery through the skin for local and systemic effects.
    • 40 million prescription items for skin-related conditions are dispensed in England annually, with 20% of repeat prescriptions for application to the skin.

    Human Skin

    • The epidermis varies in thickness, with 800 mm in palms and 6 mm in eyelids.
    • The stratum corneum is the outermost layer, serving as a barrier to penetration.
    • The dermis consists of connective tissues woven from proteins like collagen, elastin, and reticulin, with a blood supply, nerves, and skin appendages.
    • The subcutaneous layer provides mechanical cushioning, thermal barrier, and stores energy-producing chemicals.

    TDDS Advantages

    • Controlled delivery of therapeutic agents through skin into systematic circulation.
    • Sustained delivery, maintaining efficacious plasma levels of drugs for 1-7 days or longer.
    • Improved absolute bioavailability due to avoidance of first-pass hepatic and gastrointestinal metabolism.
    • More convenient and improved patient compliant dosing regimen.
    • Added value through increased efficacy and decreased toxicity compared to oral dosage forms.
    • Suitable for potent drugs with improved bioavailability, reduced toxicity/side effects, and flexibility to terminate treatment.

    TDDS Disadvantages

    • Local irritation and contact dermatitis due to API or excipients.
    • Skin's low permeability limits the number of deliverable drugs.
    • Ideal drugs require adequate lipophilicity, while large hydrophilic molecules do not permeate easily.
    • Molecular weight should be <500, with high lipophilicity (logP > 2) for effective permeation.

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    Description

    Learn about the importance, formulations, penetration enhancers, and novel approaches related to transdermal drug delivery systems. Understand the noninvasive drug delivery through the skin for both local and systemic effects.

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