30 Questions
What is the purpose of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS)?
To release drugs slowly through the skin into the systemic circulation
What distinguishes monolithic transdermal systems from membrane-controlled systems?
The presence of a drug matrix layer
In a disperse system, what is the continuous phase also known as?
Dispersion medium
Which type of system contains insoluble solid particles dispersed in a liquid medium?
Suspensions
What is a common feature of pharmaceutical suspensions?
Uniform distribution of suspensoid in the vehicle
What is the main difference between an emulsion and a suspension?
Emulsions involve immiscible liquids, suspensions have soluble components
Which term is used interchangeably with oleaginous bases?
Hydrocarbon bases
What type of bases are difficult to wash off due to water immiscibility?
Oleaginous bases
What effect do oleaginous bases have on the skin?
Emollient effect
What is the main characteristic of vanishing creams?
They leave a thin residue after water evaporates
What characteristic makes oleaginous bases difficult to wash off from the skin?
Water immiscibility
What is the major difference between ointment/cream and cream/gel?
Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
What is the primary function of an Unguator?
Mixing ointments
What is the ideal outcome for drug delivery in transdermal drug delivery systems?
Migrate through the skin to the underlying blood supply
What is the purpose of geometric dilution in pharmacy?
To combine all portions of powder and bases evenly
In which type of dosage forms is the skin considered the target organ for drug residence?
Topical dosage forms
Which type of system consists of a gel mass with floccules of small distinct particles?
Magma
What distinguishes water-removable bases from absorption bases?
Type of emulsion
What is the title designation for dry powders intended for suspension in liquid vehicles?
Dry Powder Mixtures
How does reducing the particle size in a suspension impact its stability?
Produces slow, more uniform settling rates
What happens if particle size is reduced too much in a suspensoid?
Formation of a cake at the bottom of the container
What is the purpose of preventing agglomeration of particles in a suspension?
To avoid cake formation at the bottom
What type of preparation is designated as 'oral suspension'?
Prepared suspensions not requiring reconstitution
Which type of vehicle are drugs unstable in that leads to them being supplied as dry powder mixtures?
Aqueous vehicles
Why are certain drugs chemically unstable in solution?
They are more stable when suspended.
What dosage form exhibits the highest bioavailability according to the text?
Solution
Why is taste masking easier to achieve in suspension than in solution?
The drug has more contact with taste buds in suspension.
Why is the liquid form preferred over the solid form for many patients?
It is easier to swallow and administer various doses.
How is the disadvantage of a disagreeable taste in solution form overcome?
By administering undissolved particles in an oral suspension.
What property does erythromycin estolate possess that makes it suitable for preparing a palatable liquid dosage form?
Being insoluble in the desired vehicle.
Explore the advantages and disadvantages of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS), also known as transdermal patches. Learn about how high-frequency ultrasound can influence skin penetrability and the categorization of TDDS into monolithic and membrane-controlled systems.
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