Transcriptional Regulation and DNA-Binding Proteins Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the consensus sequence for the -10 element (TATA box) in prokaryotic promoters?

  • ATGCGCAT
  • TGTAGCC
  • TGACGTT
  • TATAAT/A (correct)

    • Where do repressors of transcription bind in prokaryotic gene regulation?

  • Intercistronic region
  • Operator (correct)
  • Promoter
  • Enhancer

    • What is the function of a coactivator in gene regulation?

  • Prevents the formation of polycistronic mRNA
  • Stimulates the production of repressors
  • Inhibits the binding of RNA Pol to the promoter
  • Enhances the activity of transcription factors (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of polycistronic mRNA?

    <p>Encodes several proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a regulon?

    <p>Coordinate regulation of a group of genes or operons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of negative transcriptional regulation?

    <p>Repressor proteins inhibiting transcription by binding to the promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur when transcription activators bind distant regulatory sites?

    <p>DNA looping to facilitate transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the bacterial H-NS protein in transcriptional regulation?

    <p>Playing an architectural role by bending the DNA and promoting looping for recruitment of RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of transcription coactivators like the eukaryotic protein complex 'Mediator'?

    <p>Stimulating transcription by bridging RNA polymerase with activators, without directly binding DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transcription corepressors such as the yeast Cys8 protein?

    <p>Binding to activators to suppress transcription without binding RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of insulators in gene regulation?

    <p>Blocking unintended effects of DNA looping on non-target genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are effectors in gene regulation?

    <p>Small molecules that bind to activators or repressors, causing conformational changes and leading to an increase or decrease in gene transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do effectors enable or shut down transcription?

    <p>Inactivate or activate repressors to enable or shut down transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does global regulation of gene expression refer to?

    <p>The coordinated expression of several genes, often in response to stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an activator in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>Enhances RNA polymerase binding to the promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of polycistronic mRNA?

    <p>It encodes several proteins and has a leader sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an insulator in gene regulation?

    <p>Blocks the interaction between neighboring chromatin domains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a corepressor in transcriptional regulation?

    <p>Inhibits the binding of activators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an operator in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>It is a promoter region where repressors bind to inhibit transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of polycistronic mRNA?

    <p>It encodes several proteins and has a leader sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an activator binding site in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>It is a site where activators bind to stimulate transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a corepressor in gene regulation?

    <p>It inhibits RNA Pol binding to the promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consensus sequence for the -35 element in prokaryotic promoters?

    <p>TTGACA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an insulator in gene regulation?

    <p>Blocks the interaction between enhancers and promoters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of polycistronic mRNA?

    <p>Encodes several proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do repressors of transcription bind in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>Promoter regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an activator in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>Stimulates RNA Pol binding to the promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of DNA looping in transcriptional regulation?

    <p>Enabling the formation of a DNA loop to facilitate transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of insulators in gene regulation?

    <p>Blocking unintended effects of DNA looping on non-target genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of effectors in gene regulation?

    <p>Small molecules that bind to activators or repressors, causing conformational changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transcription coactivators like the eukaryotic protein complex 'Mediator'?

    <p>Stimulating transcription by bridging RNA polymerase with activators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of negative transcriptional regulation?

    <p>Involvement of repressor proteins that inhibit transcription by binding to the promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Regulon and Transcriptional Regulation

    • A regulon is a group of genes or operons that are coordinatedly regulated, even if they are spatially distant in the chromosome or genome.
    • Transcriptional regulation can be negative or positive, with negative regulation involving repressor proteins that inhibit transcription by binding to the promoter.
    • Positive regulation involves activator proteins binding to the promoter to recruit RNA polymerase and initiate transcription.
    • DNA looping can occur, where transcription activators bind distant regulatory sites, enabling the formation of a DNA loop to facilitate transcription.
    • The bacterial Lac repressor is an example of a regulatory protein that mediates DNA looping by binding two distant sites on a single DNA molecule, forming a DNA loop.
    • Certain regulatory proteins, such as the bacterial H-NS, play an architectural role by bending the DNA and promoting looping for recruitment of RNA polymerase.
    • Transcription coactivators, like the eukaryotic protein complex "Mediator," stimulate transcription by bridging RNA polymerase with activators, without directly binding DNA.
    • Transcription corepressors, such as the yeast Cys8 protein, bind to activators to suppress transcription, without binding RNA polymerase.
    • Insulators are proteins that block unintended effects of DNA looping on non-target genes and are present in pro- and eukaryotes.
    • Effectors are small molecules that bind to activators or repressors, causing conformational changes and leading to an increase or decrease in gene transcription.
    • Effectors can inactivate or activate repressors to enable or shut down transcription, and also inactivate or enable activators to stimulate or inhibit transcription.
    • Global regulation of gene expression refers to the coordinated expression of several genes, often in response to stress, and can occur through common activators or removal of common repressors.

    Regulon and Transcriptional Regulation

    • A regulon is a group of genes or operons that are coordinatedly regulated, even if they are spatially distant in the chromosome or genome.
    • Transcriptional regulation can be negative or positive, with negative regulation involving repressor proteins that inhibit transcription by binding to the promoter.
    • Positive regulation involves activator proteins binding to the promoter to recruit RNA polymerase and initiate transcription.
    • DNA looping can occur, where transcription activators bind distant regulatory sites, enabling the formation of a DNA loop to facilitate transcription.
    • The bacterial Lac repressor is an example of a regulatory protein that mediates DNA looping by binding two distant sites on a single DNA molecule, forming a DNA loop.
    • Certain regulatory proteins, such as the bacterial H-NS, play an architectural role by bending the DNA and promoting looping for recruitment of RNA polymerase.
    • Transcription coactivators, like the eukaryotic protein complex "Mediator," stimulate transcription by bridging RNA polymerase with activators, without directly binding DNA.
    • Transcription corepressors, such as the yeast Cys8 protein, bind to activators to suppress transcription, without binding RNA polymerase.
    • Insulators are proteins that block unintended effects of DNA looping on non-target genes and are present in pro- and eukaryotes.
    • Effectors are small molecules that bind to activators or repressors, causing conformational changes and leading to an increase or decrease in gene transcription.
    • Effectors can inactivate or activate repressors to enable or shut down transcription, and also inactivate or enable activators to stimulate or inhibit transcription.
    • Global regulation of gene expression refers to the coordinated expression of several genes, often in response to stress, and can occur through common activators or removal of common repressors.

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    Lecture 11 Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of transcriptional regulation and the role of regulatory DNA-binding proteins in gene expression with this quiz. Explore key terms such as activation, repression, activator, repressor, regulatory site, positive regulation, negative regulation, DNA looping, and more.

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