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Questions and Answers

Question 1: What is the process called when DNA is converted into RNA?

  • Encoding
  • Transcription (correct)
  • Deciphering
  • Translation

Question 2: What are the subunits that make up RNA?

  • Phosphates
  • Nucleotides (correct)
  • Amino acids
  • Nucleosides

Question 3: What is the main difference in the sugar structure between DNA and RNA?

  • DNA has ribose sugar while RNA has glucose sugar
  • DNA has deoxyribose sugar while RNA has ribose sugar (correct)
  • DNA has glucose sugar while RNA has ribose sugar
  • DNA has ribose sugar while RNA has deoxyribose sugar

Question 4: Which type of RNA is important in translation?

<p>Messenger RNA (mRNA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 5: What does the 'm' in 'mRNA' stand for?

<p>Messenger (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 6: What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

<p>It is involved in translation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 7: What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

<p>It is involved in translation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 8: What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

<p>It is involved in translation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 9: What is the main difference in the sugar structure between DNA and RNA?

<p>DNA has a deoxyribose sugar, while RNA has a ribose sugar (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 10: What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of secondary structures?

<p>RNA forms more complex secondary structures than DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Transcription

  • The process of converting DNA into RNA is called transcription.

RNA Structure

  • RNA is composed of subunits called nucleotides.

DNA vs RNA

  • The main difference in the sugar structure between DNA and RNA is that RNA contains the sugar ribose, whereas DNA contains deoxyribose.

Types of RNA

  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) plays a crucial role in translation, carrying genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
  • The 'm' in 'mRNA' stands for messenger.

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

  • The function of rRNA is to make up a large part of the ribosome, which is responsible for protein synthesis.

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

  • The function of tRNA is to bring amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

  • The function of mRNA is to carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it specifies the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis.

DNA vs RNA

  • The main difference in the sugar structure between DNA and RNA is that RNA contains the sugar ribose, whereas DNA contains deoxyribose.

Secondary Structures

  • The main difference between DNA and RNA in terms of secondary structures is that DNA forms a double helix, whereas RNA often forms complex secondary structures such as stem-loops and pseudoknots.

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