18 Questions
What is the name of the transcription factors that can be used to obtain a specific type of cell from fibroblastic cells?
Yamanaki Factors
How can the activity of a transcription factor be regulated?
By changing the level of the transcription factor and by changing post translational modifications
What is a way in which transcription factors can cooperate in activating a specific gene?
By binding to different enhancers that each interact with and activate the promoter
What is a characteristic of transcription factor c-Myc in cancer cells?
It is expressed at high levels
How can transcription factors antagonize each other?
In different ways, depending on the specific transcription factors involved
What is a potential application of cells obtained by forcing fibroblastic cells to overexpress specific transcription factors?
Biomedical research and therapy
What modification of histone tails is generally associated with repressive chromatin?
Methylation
In which type of chromatin are cytosines in CpGs generally methylated?
Repressive chromatin
What is responsible for spreading repressive chromatin marks to neighboring regions in chromatin?
Rewriter proteins
Which mechanism ensures the maintenance of histone marks after DNA replication?
Spreading of existing marks
How are eukaryotic transcription factors known to regulate the activity of a specific gene?
By binding to and modulating the RNA polymerase activity
In the context of transcription factor cooperation, how do different transcription factors work together to activate a specific gene?
By interacting with different parts of the promoter region
What is one way transcription factors can cooperate?
They help each other to bind to the same enhancer
In a loss-of-function experiment, what is the purpose of transfecting cells with siRNA targeting c-Myc?
To silence the c-Myc gene
What can repressive transcription factors recruit to influence gene expression?
Repressive marks on histones
How can genes be silenced without changing the DNA sequence?
By adding methyl groups to DNA
What effect can high expression of Yamanaki factors have on a fibroblastic cell?
Reprogramming into an induced pluripotent stem cell
How can transcription factors negatively affect each other?
By competing for the same binding site
This quiz covers topics related to transcription factors, including how they can antagonize each other, the Yamanaka Factors Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc, cell reprogramming from fibroblastic cells, and the use of reprogrammed cells in biomedical research and therapy. It also touches on the high expression of c-Myc in cancer cells.
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