Podcast
Questions and Answers
During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA 25 nucleotides downstream of the transcription start site.
During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA 25 nucleotides downstream of the transcription start site.
False (B)
The RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA from the 3' to 5' end by reading the DNA template strand in the 5' to 3' direction.
The RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA from the 3' to 5' end by reading the DNA template strand in the 5' to 3' direction.
False (B)
In transcription, the non-template strand (sense) is used to synthesize mRNA.
In transcription, the non-template strand (sense) is used to synthesize mRNA.
False (B)
Pre-mRNA contains exons that are non-coding regions.
Pre-mRNA contains exons that are non-coding regions.
During translation, codons on the mRNA match with anticodons on tRNA to assemble specific amino acids into proteins.
During translation, codons on the mRNA match with anticodons on tRNA to assemble specific amino acids into proteins.
Stop codons trigger the release of tRNA from the ribosome during translation.
Stop codons trigger the release of tRNA from the ribosome during translation.
Study Notes
- Transcription is the process of converting DNA into mRNA, while translation is the process of using mRNA to build proteins.
- Transcription involves three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
- During initiation, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA, which is located 25 nucleotides upstream of the transcription start site.
- The RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA from the 5' to 3' end by reading the DNA template strand in the 3' to 5' direction.
- In transcription, the template strand (anti-sense) is used to synthesize mRNA, while the non-template strand (sense) is not used.
- After transcription, pre-mRNA contains introns (non-coding regions) and exons (coding regions), where introns are removed through RNA splicing.
- Translation involves matching codons on the mRNA with anticodons on tRNA to assemble specific amino acids into proteins.
- Translation occurs in three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination, where stop codons trigger the release of the protein from the ribosome for further processing.
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Description
Test your understanding of transcription and translation processes, including the steps involved in each process and the roles of RNA polymerase, mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes. Learn about initiation, elongation, termination, codons, anticodons, introns, exons, RNA splicing, and protein synthesis.
