Trade and Settlement Discounts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a trade discount?

  • To reward customers for paying early.
  • To reduce the price of a product for a specific customer or group. (correct)
  • To promote a particular product by offering a seasonal sale.
  • To encourage customers to buy in bulk.
  • How is settlement discount calculated?

  • It is calculated as a percentage of the list price.
  • It is calculated as a fixed amount subtracted from the list price.
  • It is calculated as a percentage of the price after trade discount is applied. (correct)
  • It is calculated based on the volume of goods purchased.
  • If a customer receives a 15% trade discount and a 2% settlement discount on an item with a list price of €100, what is the final price they pay?

  • €98
  • €83.30
  • €82.60 (correct)
  • €85
  • Why is it beneficial for a supplier to offer trade discounts?

    <p>It helps the supplier to avoid having to update their price list constantly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common term for a trade discount?

    <p>Quantity discount (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an invoice shows a trade discount of 10% and a settlement discount of 5%, what is the net price the customer pays if the list price is €500?

    <p>€425 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using a settlement discount instead of simply changing the list price?

    <p>It allows the supplier to offer a time-limited incentive to customers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does trade discount differ from settlement discount?

    <p>Trade discount is calculated on the list price, settlement discount is calculated on the net price. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is unique to an incorporated business as compared to a sole proprietorship?

    <p>Limited liability for its owners. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a not-for-profit organization?

    <p>To fulfill a charitable, religious, or educational purpose. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for businesses to keep accurate financial records?

    <p>To provide information for stakeholders to assess business performance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a director of an incorporated business do with funds taken out of the business for personal use?

    <p>Enter it into the Directors Loan Account. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the tax obligations of not-for-profit organizations?

    <p>They are generally exempt from paying taxes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of keeping a set of accounts?

    <p>To track the financial transactions of the business. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might stakeholders want to see a company's financial records?

    <p>To assess the business’s financial performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference in set-up between an incorporated business and an owner-managed business?

    <p>An incorporated business is generally more complex and expensive to establish. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym PEARLS represent in a business context?

    <p>Purchases, Expenses, Assets, Revenues, Liabilities, Sales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of financial statement primarily measures profit?

    <p>Trading, Profit and Loss Account (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered an expense in the context of PEARLS?

    <p>Bank Loan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When calculating profit, what happens if revenues exceed expenses?

    <p>The business has made a profit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a liability?

    <p>Accruals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item would be categorized as an asset?

    <p>Stationery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a balance sheet?

    <p>To present the financial position of the business at a specific point in time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of financial statements?

    <p>To provide a comprehensive overview of the business’s financial situation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating Gross Profit?

    <p>Sales minus Cost of Sales (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following directly impacts the calculation of Net Profit?

    <p>Gross Profit and business expenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the value of a business determined using a Balance Sheet?

    <p>Total Assets minus Total Liabilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Chart of Accounts in accounting?

    <p>To classify and arrange accounts for proper ledger management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which items are placed into the Trading, Profit and Loss Account?

    <p>Income and Expenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of grouping similar items in the Chart of Accounts?

    <p>To ease the generation of financial reports (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be deducted from Capital on a Balance Sheet?

    <p>Drawings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT included in the calculation of Gross Profit?

    <p>Total Operating Expenses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a credit controller in a business?

    <p>To assess and manage client credit risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should credit checks be performed on clients?

    <p>Before granting credit terms to each client (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a stage payment plan?

    <p>Payments made at different stages throughout a project (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a business owner do if a customer disputes an invoice?

    <p>Resolve the issue within the same payment cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method to follow up on late payments?

    <p>Utilize a 1, 2, 3 contact method: email, phone call, visit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to write clear guidelines regarding credit terms?

    <p>To ensure consistency and professionalism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should businesses do concerning interest on late payments?

    <p>Charge interest to enforce consequences for late payments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology can assist in improving the efficiency of credit control?

    <p>Cloud software with automated statements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benefit of computerised accounting over manual accounting?

    <p>Computerised accounting is more prone to errors due to manual data entry. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, what is the primary duty of a professional in terms of confidentiality?

    <p>To protect confidential information obtained through professional and business relationships. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions would NOT be considered a violation of professional behaviour?

    <p>Maintaining a high standard of work. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Data Protection, what is the primary obligation when handling personal information?

    <p>To process data in a manner that is both lawful and fair. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding maintaining a professional standard?

    <p>Maintaining the reputation of the profession. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a difference between manual accounting and computerised accounting?

    <p>Manual accounting is more secure than computerised accounting. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for avoiding actions that bring oneself or one's client/employer into disrepute?

    <p>It can damage the reputation of the profession. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the primary purpose of complying with relevant laws and regulations?

    <p>To uphold the ethical standards of the profession. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Limited Liability

    A business structure where the owners' personal liability is limited to the value of the business's assets.

    Incorporated Business

    A legal entity separate from its owners. It has its own legal obligations and must pay corporation tax on its profits.

    Unincorporated Business

    A type of business where the owner is personally liable for all debts and obligations.

    Business Records

    A record of all financial transactions related to a business's operations.

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    Sales Revenue

    The money a business earns, usually from selling goods or services.

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    Cost of Goods Sold

    Money spent by a business on acquiring goods for resale.

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    Expenses

    Expenses incurred by a business, including utilities, rent, and salaries.

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    Profit

    The amount of money a business earns after deducting all expenses.

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    What are Accounts Receivable?

    Money owed to a business by customers for goods or services already provided.

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    What are Purchases?

    The cost of goods or services a business sells. This is the initial value of the items you buy to sell later.

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    What are Expenses?

    The cost of running a business, including rent, salaries, and utilities.

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    What are Assets?

    Anything the business owns that has a monetary value and will last for more than one accounting period.

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    What is Revenue?

    The money a business earns from selling goods or services.

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    What are Liabilities?

    Money owed by a business to others, including suppliers, lenders, and employees.

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    What is Net Profit?

    The profit a business makes after deducting all expenses from all revenues.

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    What is an Income Statement?

    A report that shows a business's financial performance over a period of time.

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    Gross Profit

    The value of goods or services sold minus the direct costs incurred in producing those goods or services.

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    Net Profit

    The value of goods or services sold minus the direct costs incurred in producing those goods or services, and all other operating expenses.

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    Balance Sheet

    A financial statement that represents a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.

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    Assets

    The total value of all items owned by a business, including cash, inventory, and equipment.

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    Liabilities

    The total value of all obligations owed by a business to others, including loans, accounts payable, and accrued expenses.

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    Equity

    The ownership stake in a business, calculated as the difference between assets and liabilities.

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    Chart of Accounts

    A structured list of accounts that helps categorize and track all financial transactions within a business.

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    Trading, Profit and Loss Account

    A financial statement that summarizes a business's income and expenses over a period of time.

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    List price

    The original price of a product before any discounts are applied. It's the price you might see in a catalog or advertisement.

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    Trade discount

    A discount offered to specific customers or groups to encourage purchases or promote products. This discount is usually given by the supplier.

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    Settlement discount

    A discount given to customers for making early payments. This encourages prompt payment and helps suppliers manage cash flow.

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    Net price

    The price a customer pays after all discounts are applied.

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    Net price calculation

    Calculating the net price involves first applying the trade discount and then the settlement discount.

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    Discount rate

    The percentage reduction offered in a trade or settlement discount.

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    Payment percentage

    The percentage you pay after a trade or settlement discount is applied.

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    Trade discount priority

    Settlement discount is applied after the trade discount has been factored in.

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    Payment Reminders

    A system where reminders are sent to clients proactively before their payment due date to encourage timely payments.

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    Prioritize Debts

    Regularly reviewing the outstanding payments and prioritizing the oldest or largest debts for prompt resolution.

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    1, 2, 3 Late Payment System

    Using a range of communication tools and methods, such as email, phone calls, and even personal visits, to follow up on late payments.

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    Agreeing Payment Terms

    Setting clear payment terms with clients and ensuring they acknowledge and understand those terms.

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    Accurate Invoicing

    Actively checking the accuracy of invoices to avoid errors and maintain professionalism.

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    Automated Statements

    Implementing a system where statements are sent to customers automatically on a regular basis.

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    Respond to Disputes

    Promptly addressing any disputes raised by clients to ensure timely payment.

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    Aged Debtors Report

    Using software to monitor and track your accounts receivable, providing insights into the age of outstanding debts.

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    Confidentiality

    A professional responsibility to maintain the privacy of information obtained through professional and business relationships, and not disclose it to others without proper authorization unless legally obligated.

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    Professional Behaviour

    Adhering to laws and regulations that prevent actions that could damage the reputation of the profession, ensuring both your professional and your client's reputation stays intact.

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    Manual Accounting

    The recordkeeping system that uses physical papers and notebooks to track financial transactions, making it susceptible to mistakes due to manual input.

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    Computerised Accounting

    A system that relies on specialized software to record and manage financial transactions, providing greater accuracy and efficiency.

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    Data Protection

    A set of laws that protect personal information and ensure its handling is lawful, fair, and transparent, particularly when working with client, supplier, and employee data.

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    Study Notes

    Sole Trader

    • A sole trader is a single owner of a business.
    • Straightforward and inexpensive to set up.
    • The owner has full responsibility for business debts.
    • The business is not a separate legal entity from the owner.
    • Money and assets introduced by the owner are called capital.
    • Money or goods withdrawn by the owner are called drawings.
    • Drawings reduce the capital owed to the owner.
    • Sole traders pay income tax on business profits, regardless if they take profit out or not.

    Partnership

    • A partnership is similar to a sole trader but has multiple owners.
    • Partners invest capital and manage daily operations.
    • Partners are responsible for business debts.
    • Income tax is paid on the profits, not the business itself.
    • Money and assets introduced by partners are called capital.
    • Money withdrawn by partners are called drawings.
    • Drawings reduce the capital owed by the business to the partner.

    Limited Company (LTD)

    • Has a separate legal identity from its owners.
    • Owners/directors have limited liability.
    • Business debts are limited to the business's assets.
    • Pays corporation tax.
    • More complex and expensive to set up.
    • Money taken out by directors for personal use is recorded in a director's loan account.

    Not-for-Profit Organisation

    • Includes religious, charitable, or educational businesses.
    • Not focused on profit-making.
    • Usually an incorporated business.
    • Often run by volunteers and/or paid staff.
    • Financially responsible.

    Keeping Business Records

    • A business keeps records of financial transactions.
    • Records show earnings, expenditures (e.g., sales, goods purchases, utility bills).
    • Records show profits/losses and money withdrawals.
    • Records are called a set of books or accounts (bookkeeper/accountant).
    • Helps track performance and assess tax.

    Transactions

    • Any business activity involving an exchange of money (or equivalent).
    • Includes selling, buying, loans, and capital investment.

    Ledger

    • A book that collects all financial information.
    • Types: General ledger, Debtor's ledger, Creditor's ledger. These can be physical books or software.
    • Ledger accounts hold information for specific items (e.g., Motor vehicles, Capital, Purchases).

    Capital

    • Owner's initial investment in business.
    • Business's equity.
    • Represents debt owed to the owners.

    Drawings

    • Money withdrawn by owners from the business.
    • Reduces the capital owed to the owners.
    • Not used in calculating profit.

    Purchases

    • Items or services acquired for business use.
    • If for resale, recorded as purchases.
    • If not for resale, recorded as expenses.

    Expenses

    • Costs incurred in daily business operations.
    • Examples: salaries, rent, utilities, advertising.
    • Two types: revenue (day-to-day spending) and capital (acquiring long-term assets like buildings).

    Assets

    • Items owned or controlled by the business.
    • Two types: current (used up quickly, like cash or inventory) and non-current/fixed (buildings, equipment).
    • Tangible assets are those you can touch (land, buildings).
    • Intangible assets are those you can't touch (brand names, goodwill).

    Revenue (income)

    • Income from sales.
    • Income from other sources (e.g., interest, rental).
    • Capital investment/loans are not classified as revenue.

    Liabilities

    • Monies a business owes (debts).
    • Categorized as current (due within a year) or non-current (due later).
    • Capital is a special liability: the money owed to the owners.

    Financial Statements

    • Reports about a business's financial situation.
    • Two primary types: Trading, Profit & Loss Account and Balance Sheet.

    Trading, Profit & Loss Account

    • Shows revenue and expenses to determine profit/loss.
    • Gross profit = sales (revenue) - cost of sales.
    • Net profit = gross profit - all other expenses.

    Balance Sheet

    • Shows a business's assets, liabilities, and capital at a specific point in time.
    • Assets = liabilities + capital.

    Manual vs. Computerised Accounting

    • Manual relies on paper, prone to errors, requires more physical space.
    • Computerized uses software, less prone to errors, stores data electronically, process transactions quicker, offers clear audit trails, needs fewer people, provides real-time information.

    Data Protection

    • Businesses have obligations to protect client, supplier and staff data.
    • Data should be collected, processed and stored lawfully, fairly, transparently, for specific purposes, kept only as long as needed, accurate, relevant, not excessive.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on trade and settlement discounts with this quiz. Explore various scenarios, calculations, and the differences between these discounts. Perfect for accounting and finance students looking to deepen their understanding of pricing strategies.

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