Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a common way for pregnant women to be infected with Toxoplasma gondii?
What is a common way for pregnant women to be infected with Toxoplasma gondii?
- Through direct contact with cat saliva
- By consuming undercooked or raw meat containing tissue cysts (correct)
- Through contaminated water and food
- By being bitten by an infected mosquito
What is the main risk group for toxoplasmosis in terms of severity of symptoms?
What is the main risk group for toxoplasmosis in terms of severity of symptoms?
- Pregnant women
- People with a history of cat bites
- Older adults
- Immunocompromised individuals (correct)
What is the characteristic lesion found on an MRI in patients with toxoplasmosis?
What is the characteristic lesion found on an MRI in patients with toxoplasmosis?
- Hydrocephalus
- Cerebellar atrophy
- Ring-enhancing lesions (correct)
- Cerebral edema
What is the role of sulfadiazine in toxoplasmosis treatment?
What is the role of sulfadiazine in toxoplasmosis treatment?
What is the significance of the TORCH infection in toxoplasmosis?
What is the significance of the TORCH infection in toxoplasmosis?
What is the recommended prophylaxis for immunocompromised individuals with a CD4 count less than 100 and IgG positive for toxoplasmosis?
What is the recommended prophylaxis for immunocompromised individuals with a CD4 count less than 100 and IgG positive for toxoplasmosis?
How can Toxoplasma gondii be transmitted from an infected animal to a human?
How can Toxoplasma gondii be transmitted from an infected animal to a human?
What is the primary concern for pregnant women in relation to Toxoplasma gondii?
What is the primary concern for pregnant women in relation to Toxoplasma gondii?
What is the characteristic feature of chorioretinitis in Toxoplasma gondii infection?
What is the characteristic feature of chorioretinitis in Toxoplasma gondii infection?
What is the primary role of pyrimethamine in the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection?
What is the primary role of pyrimethamine in the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection?
Why is it recommended for immunocompromised individuals to take prophylaxis against Toxoplasma gondii infection?
Why is it recommended for immunocompromised individuals to take prophylaxis against Toxoplasma gondii infection?
What is the significance of a positive IgG test result in Toxoplasma gondii infection?
What is the significance of a positive IgG test result in Toxoplasma gondii infection?
Study Notes
Toxoplasma Gondii
- Can be transmitted through consumption of raw or undercooked meat containing tissue cysts, contaminated water, and from mother to fetus in utero.
- Pregnant women are at risk due to transplacental transfer.
Transmission and Prevention
- Pregnant women should avoid changing kitty litter boxes to reduce the risk of transmission.
- Oocytes in contaminated eggs can also cause transmission.
- Immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV, are at risk.
Diagnosis and Symptoms
- Toxoplasma encephalitis can cause ring-enhancing lesions on MRI.
- Biopsy needle can be used to differentiate from CNS lymphoma.
- Clinical symptoms may not be present in healthy individuals.
Complications
- Toxoplasmosis can cause choroidoretinitis, deafness, brain calcifications, cranial calcifications, seizures, and hydrocephalus.
Treatment and Prophylaxis
- Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine are used to treat toxoplasmosis.
- TMP/SMX is used for prophylaxis in individuals with CD4 counts less than 100 who are positive for IgG for toxo.
- Prophylaxis is recommended for individuals with CD4 counts less than 100 who are positive for IgG for toxo.
Toxoplasma Gondii
- Can be transmitted through consumption of raw or undercooked meat containing tissue cysts, contaminated water, and from mother to fetus in utero.
- Pregnant women are at risk due to transplacental transfer.
Transmission and Prevention
- Pregnant women should avoid changing kitty litter boxes to reduce the risk of transmission.
- Oocytes in contaminated eggs can also cause transmission.
- Immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV, are at risk.
Diagnosis and Symptoms
- Toxoplasma encephalitis can cause ring-enhancing lesions on MRI.
- Biopsy needle can be used to differentiate from CNS lymphoma.
- Clinical symptoms may not be present in healthy individuals.
Complications
- Toxoplasmosis can cause choroidoretinitis, deafness, brain calcifications, cranial calcifications, seizures, and hydrocephalus.
Treatment and Prophylaxis
- Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine are used to treat toxoplasmosis.
- TMP/SMX is used for prophylaxis in individuals with CD4 counts less than 100 who are positive for IgG for toxo.
- Prophylaxis is recommended for individuals with CD4 counts less than 100 who are positive for IgG for toxo.
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Description
Learn about the transmission and risks of Toxoplasma gondii, a parasitic infection that can affect pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals.
