Bacterial Toxins: Endotoxins and Exotoxins

TOXINS Request signatures Powered by Z Luminsign LPS endotoxin common to all ______ bacteria

Protein exotoxins Produced by some Enterobacteriacea act on host cells by damaging membranes, inhibiting protein synthesis, or altering metabolic pathways causing cell death (cytotoxin) or a physiologic alteration. * Enterotoxins cause secretion and ______

Most Enterobacteriacea are primarily colonizers of the lower gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Many species found in nature and live freely. In humans, they are the major facultative components of the colonic bacterial flora. Also found in the female genital tract and on the ______.

Most strongly associated with E coli, Shigella, and ______

Enterobacteriaceae are scant in the respiratory tract of healthy individuals. (Increase in hospitalized patients). Mostly found among the indigenous microbiota: Escherichia coli, klebsiella, proteus, and ______. normal flora

Shigella and Salmonella typhi: are strict human pathogens with no animal ______.

Most Enterobacteriaceae are considered part of the normal flora in the respiratory tract of healthy individuals.

Enterobacteriaceae are primarily colonizers of the upper gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals.

Salmonella and Shigella species are considered members of the indigenous microbiota in humans.

P pili bind to bind to digalactoside (Gal-Gal) moieties on ______ cells.

The receptor(s) for the enteric pili include glycolipids and glycoproteins on the ______ surface.

Pili of diarrhea strains bind ______.