Toxicology Quiz

Study Notes

Occupational toxicology identifies harmful agents and their effects on acute and chronic diseases.
Environmental toxicology deals with the impact of pollutants on living organisms.
Ecotoxicology studies the toxic effects on populations and communities in defined ecosystems.
Hazard is the ability of a chemical agent to cause injury, while risk is the expected frequency of an undesirable effect.
Routes of exposure differ in different situations, with inhalation being the major route in industrial settings.
Toxic reactions may differ depending on the duration of exposure.
Bioaccumulation occurs when a long-lasting contaminant exceeds an organism's ability to metabolize or excrete the substance.
Biomagnification magnifies the concentration of a contaminant as it passes up the food chain.
Specific air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone, have clinical effects and treatments.
Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride, cause CNS depression, liver and kidney injury, and cardiotoxicity in laboratory animals.