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Questions and Answers
What defines Persistent Organic Pollutants (P.O.P.s)?
What defines Persistent Organic Pollutants (P.O.P.s)?
What is the main effect of neurotoxins on the body?
What is the main effect of neurotoxins on the body?
Which of the following statements about mutagens is true?
Which of the following statements about mutagens is true?
What are teratogens known to disrupt?
What are teratogens known to disrupt?
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Which of the following best describes acute effects?
Which of the following best describes acute effects?
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What is the correct definition of allergens?
What is the correct definition of allergens?
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What does risk assessment typically analyze?
What does risk assessment typically analyze?
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Chronic effects in organisms develop primarily due to:
Chronic effects in organisms develop primarily due to:
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Which factor is NOT a contributor to disease emergence?
Which factor is NOT a contributor to disease emergence?
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What is a primary reason for the emergence of antibiotic resistance?
What is a primary reason for the emergence of antibiotic resistance?
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How does climate change influence the spread of diseases?
How does climate change influence the spread of diseases?
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What is Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) primarily classified as?
What is Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) primarily classified as?
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Which disease is known to have a high mortality rate of up to 90% in humans?
Which disease is known to have a high mortality rate of up to 90% in humans?
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Which of the following is considered a zoonotic disease?
Which of the following is considered a zoonotic disease?
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In what way does economic development impact disease emergence?
In what way does economic development impact disease emergence?
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What effect does changing human susceptibility have on disease emergence?
What effect does changing human susceptibility have on disease emergence?
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What defines carcinogens?
What defines carcinogens?
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What is the main purpose of pesticides?
What is the main purpose of pesticides?
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How do selective herbicides function?
How do selective herbicides function?
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Which of the following best describes the function of fungicides?
Which of the following best describes the function of fungicides?
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What is an ovicide?
What is an ovicide?
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What is the primary focus of environmental health?
What is the primary focus of environmental health?
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Which of these factors is NOT typically associated with morbidity and mortality?
Which of these factors is NOT typically associated with morbidity and mortality?
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What does risk management primarily involve?
What does risk management primarily involve?
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What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organization (W.H.O)?
What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organization (W.H.O)?
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In 1977, which disease was declared completely eradicated?
In 1977, which disease was declared completely eradicated?
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Which of the following chronic diseases accounts for nearly 60% of total deaths worldwide each year?
Which of the following chronic diseases accounts for nearly 60% of total deaths worldwide each year?
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What is a significant factor contributing to the persistence of tuberculosis in certain regions?
What is a significant factor contributing to the persistence of tuberculosis in certain regions?
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Which type of disease is highlighted as still causing millions of deaths despite advances in health care?
Which type of disease is highlighted as still causing millions of deaths despite advances in health care?
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What common health issue affects children under the age of 5 in the developing world?
What common health issue affects children under the age of 5 in the developing world?
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Which of the following has not been identified as a contributing factor to the breakdown of public health?
Which of the following has not been identified as a contributing factor to the breakdown of public health?
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Which pathogen group is NOT mentioned as a threat to human health?
Which pathogen group is NOT mentioned as a threat to human health?
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Study Notes
Toxicology
- A scientific discipline that overlaps with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine
- Involves studying adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms
- Includes diagnosing and treating exposure to toxins
Allergens
- Antigens that produce a strong immune response
- Immune system targets and fights threats
- Allergens trigger allergic reactions when recognized by the immune system
Neurotoxins
- Destructive to nerve tissue
- Extensive class of exogenous chemicals
- Can negatively affect function in both developing and mature nervous tissue
Mutagens
- Physical or chemical agents
- Increase DNA modifications by altering an organism's DNA
Teratogens
- Agents that disrupt embryonic or fetal development
- Can cause congenital disabilities or pregnancy loss
- Includes radiation, infections, chemicals, and drugs
Carcinogens
- Substances or agents that promote cancer development (carcinogenesis)
- Cause genome damage or disrupt cellular processes
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
- Organic compounds resistant to environmental degradation
- Bioaccumulate and have detrimental effects on the environment and human health
- Also called "forever chemicals"
Acute Effects
- Rapid, severe physiological reactions in humans or animals due to exposure
- Can lead to chronic health effects if the cause isn't removed
Chronic Effects
- Adverse effects that develop slowly
- Caused by prolonged exposure to low concentrations of hazardous substances
Risk Assessment
- Comprehensive effort to identify and analyze potential events that affect individuals, assets, and the environment
- Judgments on risk tolerance
Risk Management
- Evaluation, prioritization, and identification of risks
- Application of resources to control, monitor, and minimize risks or maximize opportunities
Pesticides
- Chemical compounds used to eliminate pests
- Includes insects and other harmful organisms
Environmental Health and Toxicology
- Focuses on diseases caused by external environmental factors
- Natural factors, social factors, cultural factors, and technological factors are considered.
Global Burden of Disease (GBD)
- Comprehensive regional and global research program
- Assesses mortality and disability from major diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
Health
- State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
- More than just the absence of disease or infirmity
Disease
- Abnormal condition in the body's psychological and physical functions
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Description
Test your knowledge of toxicology, including the effects of allergens, neurotoxins, mutagens, teratogens, and carcinogens on living organisms. This quiz delves into the scientific principles and implications of these substances in medicine and biology.
