16 Questions
Why are geriatric patients often excluded from clinical trials in toxicology?
As a result of their increased morbidity and mortality rates from poisoning.
What physiological changes in the elderly contribute to prolonged toxic effects of drugs and toxins?
Slower clearance of drugs and toxins due to reduced renal and hepatic function.
In what way can cognitive and physical impairment in the elderly lead to accidental poisoning?
By causing medication errors or misdiagnosed therapeutic agents.
How do pharmacokinetic changes in pregnancy impact the toxicokinetics of poisons?
They can result in significant alterations in toxicokinetics of poisons.
Why might specific antidotes require different dosing regimens in pregnant patients?
Because pharmacokinetic changes in pregnancy can lead to prolonged half-life and increased volume of distribution.
Why does physostigmine have a narrowed range of safety in pregnancy?
It can cause hyperactivity and bradycardia in the fetus with even slight overdose in the mother.
What is the main reason for avoiding the use of certain drugs in cases of anticholinergic poisoning during pregnancy?
The direct toxic effect on the fetus
Why is the risk of drug-induced developmental abnormalities highest during early gestational months?
Because it is the time of organogenesis
What contributes to the increased risk of toxicity in geriatric patients?
Decreased total body water and lean body mass
Why do common medications with a low therapeutic index pose a risk to geriatric patients?
As a result of their narrow therapeutic range
What is a common factor contributing to toxicity in geriatric patients taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatories?
Impaired renal function
Why is it important for medical consultants to understand the impact of comorbid conditions on poisoning?
To prevent acute poisoning events
What percentage of adults aged 60 and older in the United States has at least one chronic disease?
77%
How do comorbid illnesses impact the outcome of a primary illness?
They could affect the outcome of the primary illness
What should be considered when deciding to use a drug therapy during pregnancy?
The cost of drug treatment against potential risks
What makes geriatric patients more susceptible to adverse reactions or intentional overdoses with medications?
Multiple medical problems and medications
Explore the unique considerations for toxicology in geriatric patients, including slower drug clearance, increased risk of toxicity, and exclusion from clinical trials. Learn about the impact of reduced renal and hepatic function on toxic effects.
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