Tourism Transportation

• Tourism is a social, cultural, and economic phenomenon involving people traveling outside their usual environment for personal, business, or professional reasons
• Visitors can be tourists or excursionists and may be residents or non-residents
• Tourism involves activities, some of which include tourism expenditure

Transportation

• Activity of transferring goods or people from one place to another
• It is a product of the travel industry and a component of a tourism package
• Quality transport is important in travel and business
• Tourism needs transportation for functional reasons or as a key element of the holiday experience

Categories of Tourism Transportation

• Water, Land, and Air transportation which include general passenger transport, dedicated tourist transport, experimental tourist transport, luxury tourist transport, recreational transport, and multi-purpose transport

Factors in Choosing Transportation

• Distance
• Schedule
• Frequency
• Availability
• Speed
• Safety and security
• Convenience and comfort
• Unique experience
• Route and geographical position
• Cost
• Competition
• Status and prestige

Influences to Tourism Transport Selection

• Tourists consider a number of factors to best meet their travel needs
• Location influences transport choice i.e. air transport for destinations far from origin
• Tourists like transport with higher frequency and schedules that fit their itinerary

Availability

• It provides travelers options
• More transport available, the better

Speed Considerations

• Speed becomes important with limited vacation time
• Quicker arrival means more time to enjoy a place

Safety Priority

• Passengers value safety and security
• A safer transport mode is a priority for tourists

Convenience Benefits

• Hassle-free transport options are frequently selected

Unique Experience

• Tourist transport services should offer an exceptional travel opportunity

Route Important

• Connects to the best transport available
• Some tourists appreciate layovers for city tours

Cost Effect

• Cost affects the decision of tourists when choosing a service
• Low-cost carriers can be appealing

Status Influence

• Transport services can influence choice based on the status/prestige it creates

History of Land Transportation (17th-20th Century)

• 17th Century - Blaise Pascal recognized the need for passenger transport
• Pascal invented a horse-drawn vehicle carrying eight passengers
• 1662 - Pascal, along with Marquis de Crenan and Duke de Roannez, founded a transport company with carriages
• End of 17th Century Similar horse-drawn coach transport was in Paris, London, and Berlin
• 1862 - The 1st coach line was in Nantes, France
• 1827 - Abraham Brower operated along Broadway in New York City
• 1828 - General des voitures founded by Boundry operated in Paris
• 1886 - Karl Benz introduced gasoline-powered automobile in Mannheim Germany
• 1898 - The 1st motorized omnibus was used for tourism
• 19th century - Europe and America utilized motorized busses
• 20th century - Technology advanced automobiles

Intro to Land Transportation

• Road Transport (courier services, vehicle buses, tricycles, car rentals, taxi services)
• Rail Transport (Light Rails, High Speed Trains, Passenger Trains)

Advantages of Land Transportation

• Control of route and stops, departure time
• Ability to carry baggage and equipment easily
• Accommodation possibility
• Privacy
• Freedom to use automobile around destination
• Low-cost
• Easy driver communication
• Flexibility
• Door-to-door service
• Supplements other transport modes

Disadvantages of Land Transport

• Small volume
• Careless driving risk
• Bad weather
• Driving regulations
• Slow speed
• Capacity limits
• Road conditions

Land Transportation in Philippines

• Governed by Republic Act No. 4136 (June 20, 1964)
• Land Transportation and traffic code oversee philippines
• DOT GUIDELINES regulate

Land Transportation Government Agencies

• Land Transportation Office (LTO)
• Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRBO)
• Office of the Transportation Security (OTS)
• Toll Regulatory Board (TRB)
• Office of Transport Cooperatives (OTC)
• Philippine National Railway (PNR)
• Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA)
• Metro Rail Transit (MRT)

Car Rentals

• Provides toursit leisure travel to tourists and general public
• Car rentals in the Philippines: Rent A Car, Car Rental Manila, ANIS Transport, VOYG Transport Services Inc

Types of Car Rentals

• Subcompact Car
• Compact Car
• Full-Sized Car
• Mid-Size Car
• Premium Car
• Luxury Car
• Specialty Car
• Motorcoaches

Rail Transportation

• The transport of passengers and goods via vehicles on railroads/railways
• It is also known as train transport

Why People Choose Trains

• Comfortable, safe, saves money, and saves time
• It facilitates meeting people
• Offers a feeling of traveling in the past

Types of Rail

• Travel Transportation
• High Speed
• Specialty Train
• Local Train

Other Train Type

• Monorail
• Cable-propelled
• Narrow-gauge railway

Key eras in Railway history (15th - 20th Century)

• 15th-century wagons used wooden rails, manpower, and horsepower
• 16th-century British used rail for coal
• 17th-century: wooden rails/wheels replaced with iron/steel
• 18th-century: Steam locomotives invented
• 1825: Stockton & Darlington Railroad for regular services
• 1830: Scheduled steam-powered rail passenger service in the US
• 1835: First Continental Europe rail routes
• 1836 First public railway in Quebec Canada
• 1845: Thomas Cook organized
• 19th century golden age of rail transportation
• 20th century other transport modes challenged rail transport

Early years of Philippine Rail

• 1891 The first commercial line opened in Bagbag, Pangasinan
• 1892 Manila to Dagupan line opened (194 km)
• 1896 Rail operation was interrupted durto revolutionay forces
• 1899 Manila to Dagupanrailway was used by Americans to pursue Aguinaldo
• 1900 The American government resored and returned the railroad services to Philippine government
• 1917 Final nationalization of Mnaila Railroad Company (MRRCo) from Ferrocarril de Manila-Dagupan
• 1931 First operation of the Bicol train
• 1938 Formal inauguration of the unified system of the railroad from San Fernando, La Union in the North to Legazpi in the South
• 1954-1956 Manila Railroad Company adapted diesel engines in its fleet of trains
• 1964 Philippine National Railways (PNR) was created through RA No. 4156
• 1984-1985 LRT1 was tested and operated
• 1999-2000 MRT opened and operational
• 2003 LRT2 became operational

Water Transportation

• Activity of transporting goods/passengers via waterways
• Waterways have to be deep, wide, slow, obstruction-free, and gentle current

Classification of Bodies of Water

• Oceans
• Seas
• Rivers
• Lakes
• Canals

Evolution of Sea Travel

• Ships from 4000 BC to Present

Transportation Projects through History

• China's Grand Canal (1,794 km, completed 7th century AD)
• California Aqueduct (715 km, near Sacramento)
• Great Manmade River (underground pipes in Sahara, transports water to cities)
• Keita Integrated Planning Projects used Donaldo and Scarabeo plows to manage water catchments

Significance of Water Transportation

• China's Grand Canal
• California Aqueduct
• The Great Manmade River
• Keita Integrated Planning Projects
• Goldfields Pipeline in Western Autralia

Categories of Water Transport

• Rivers, lakes, canals along coastal areas and oceans as well as overseas waters

Types of Commercial Ships

• General Cargo Ship
• Bulk Carriers
• Container Ships
• Tankers
• Roll-On Roll-off Ships or Roro
• Fishing Vessel
• Off-shore Vessels
• Passenger Ships
• Specialized Ships

Gondola Trivia

• Gondolas used since the 11th century in Venice
• Gondoliers regulated, requiring 400 training hours
• 98%are male and 1/3 of total are Filipino

Water Transportation in the Philippines

• Essential due to Philippines's Archipelagic features

Amazing Sites

• Puerto Princesa Underground River National Park
• Corregidor Heritage Park

Types of Water Transportation

• Roll-on-roll-off ships or Roro
• Passengers ships
• Fast craft
• Small boats

Transport Company Examples

• 2GO Travel
• 2Go Travel El Greco
• Supercat 2GO
• .2GO Cargo
• Montenegro
• Fast Cat
• Oceanjet
• Negros Navigation
• Super Shuttle Roro
• Starlight
• Trans-Asian Shipping Lines
• Sulpicio Lines

Cruise Ship Cruisers

• Cruises offer family bonding and varied activities
• Cruises visit shore attractions
• It's an all-inclusive experience
• Cruises offer relaxing experiences

Cruise Destinations

• It boosts business and Job opportunities plus taxes for the destination

Cruise Attractions

• Families
• Culture seekers
• Adventurers
• Romantics/honeymooners
• Upscale and millennials

Cruise Offerings

• New learnings
• A friendly, hassle-free experience
• Safe vocation
• The ability to visit destinations

Revenue Streams for Destinations

• Local businesses get opportunities
• Taxes from docking fees are generated
• Job opportunities are created from toursit spending in local attractions

Cruise Types

• River / Canal cruises
• Adventure/expedition cruises
• Day cruises
• Contemporary cruises
• Luxury cruises
• Specialty niche cruises

Cruise Aspects

• Cruises provides family bonding and a variety of sports and entertainment
• It is typically all inclusive
• Offers a relaxing experience onboard

Cruise Itinerary

• Participate in games
• Eat and drink
• Crafts
• Watch shows
• Shop
• Enjoy ship facilities

Port of Call

• Shore excursions are a core part
• Enjoy local markets
• Sightseeing
• Try local cuisine

Cruise Locations

• Casino
• Buffet
• Restaurant
• Shops
• Lounges
• Spa and Club
• Fitness center and pools
• Library and cinema
• Teen and child facilities
• Infirmary

Cruise Activities

• The meal timing based on table assignment
• Sports inclide bowling, skating, etc

Regulatory

• Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)
• IMO helps set and compatibilize standards on equipment

Sustainable practices

• Clean operations and management

Cruise Trend

• Focus on health/sanitation
• Social media focus
• Geared toward young adults
• Focus on wellness

Air Transportation

• Aviation comes from Latin "avi" and deals with travel by air
• It creates a sector that is involved in the design, development, manufacturing, production, operation and uses of aircraft

Aviation Types

• General Aviation
• Commercial Aviation
• Military Aviation
• ICVO - International Civial Aviation Organization (2009)

Lighter-Than-Air Aircraft Development

• Hot air balloons

Heavier-Than-Air Aircraft Development

• Da Vinci

Commercial Aviation Comes to the Philippines

• James "Bud" C. Mars flew a big plane
• Passenger Gagaban
• Tom Gunn made a the first pilot mail service
• Cora Wong one of the first woman passenger

Types of Air Transportation

• Power Driven (Helicopters, Aeroplanes)
• Not Power Driven (airship. Balloon and Glider)

Categories of Aircrafts

• Aerobatic, used for shows
• Commuter, 19 or less passangers
• Experimental
• Utility, generla use

Airports

• A location where people gather for cargo disperal as well as for flights

Main Types

• Jet
• Propjet
• Propeller

Airport Importance

• Location
• Traffic
• Accesibility
• Safety & Security is priority

Sections

• Runway for aircraft
• Taxiway to runways
• The buildings and Hangar
• Control tower area
• A terminal
• Airport parking