2nd ppt tourism space

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects

• The presentation is from the Barcelona school of Tourism, Hospitality and Gastronomy (CETT) at the University of Barcelona.
• The professor is Dr. Nachatter Singh Garha.
• The content covers conceptual aspects of geography of tourism.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - The Tourism Space

• Geographers divide the world to understand its patterns.
• Specific aspects like tourism are often studied in isolated parts of the world.
• Specific topics are examined relating to particular locations.
• Tourism is one such specific activity analyzed through spatial attributes.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - The Tourism Space - Concept and characteristics

• Geographical space is location without social connections.
• Place is location with meaning added through human experience.
• Places are often complex, interconnected, and have quantified distances.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - Spatial Distribution

• Spatial distribution is the arrangement of something (a phenomenon, elements, etc.) over a given area.
• Examples of this include a map of the distribution of libraries across a city.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - Location

• Absolute location is a precise point on Earth based on coordinates.
• Relative location is position relative to other locations, and the connections between them.
• This can be mapped for places such as between a university location and a nearby square.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - The Environment

• The environment encompasses all the circumstances, objects or conditions that surround something or someone.
• It includes geological, atmospheric, hydrological, geomorphic, edaphic (soil), biotic and human processes.
• Human relationships with the environment are essential, shaped by cultural and economic factors, population density, and technology
• Each environment has its unique hazards

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - Territory

• Territory refers to parts of geographical space claimed, managed or occupied by individuals or institutions to meet needs.
• Territory is similar to a 'bounded space', and the claiming of territory as 'territoriality'

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - Scale

• Scale refers to the size of a feature represented in a map relative to its real size
• Analysis scale relates to the unit of analysis of a problem.
• Phenomena scale means the size at which earth structures or processes exist
• Different scales exist, such as local and global scales.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - Region

• Regions are defined groups of places on Earth's surface that have shared characteristics (natural or artificial).
• These characteristics help to organise and communicate spatial information.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - Tourism Space

• Tourism space is a particular geographic area where tourism occurs, irrespective of how much tourism happens there.
• The presence of tourist attractions, and infrastructure helps define it.
• A universal definition is hard to create because space is also subjectively perceived.
• The aspects of "attractions" and "infrastructure" are needed to define this tourism space.

Part 1: Introduction to the Geography of Tourism - Conceptual Aspects - Boullón Theory of Tourism Space

• The Boullón theory argues that a tourist space is due to the existence and distribution of tourist attractions (raw materials).
• Infrastructure and business ventures form part of the elements that describe a country's tourist space.
• Spaces can be distinguished as zones, areas, complexes, centers, units, cores, clusters, and corridors (transit corridors and visiting corridors).

Part 2: The Tourism Space - Evolutionary Models and Identification of Tourism Development Phase

• The geography of tourism has models to explain how tourist destinations evolve
• These models consider changes in demand, degradation of the physical environment, and changing attractions

Part 2: The Tourism Space and Evolutionary Models - Miossec's Tourist Space Development Model

• Theoretical assumptions:
  • Cost of travel increases with distance from the origin.
  • Land prices decrease with distance from the origin
  • The number of tourists reaches a peak stay of about 20 days.
  • There is an emission center, a nearby periphery (where land is more expensive, low income tourists stay), and a distant periphery (low land costs, high income.).
• Causes for the deformation of concentric circles:
  • Favorable bioclimatic conditions
  • Deformations of historical origin
  • Economic deformations
  • Political deformations

Part 2: The Tourism Space and Evolutionary Models - Miossec's Tourist Space Development Model - The Basic Elements of Tourist Space

• The basic elements of any tourist space include: tourist centers, transport, tourist behavior, and the attitude of local agents/administrators/population.
• Five phases of tourist development exist within the Miossec models.

Part 2: The Tourism Space and Evolutionary Models - Miossec's Tourist Space Development Model - Phases of the Development Model

• The model has 6 stages:
  1. Pre-tourist phase
  2. Pioneer phase
  3. Development phase
  4. Organization phase
  5. Saturation phase
  6. Restructuration phase

Part 2: The Tourism Space and Evolutionary Models - Butler's Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) Model

• Butler's model is based on the behaviour of tourism demand and the carrying capacity of a tourist space.
• The factors the model considers are:
• Exploration
• Involvement
• Development
• Consolidation
• Stagnation
• Decline
• Rejuvenation

Part 2: Tourism Space , Tourist Resources, Attractions and Products

• Tourist resources are needed for the development of tourism, but are not enough by themselves to guarantee success.
• Resources need periodic enhancement and adaptation to ever-changing consumer desires.
• Tourist resources need to meet the needs of international and domestic customers.
• Types of resources include tangible (physical, cultural factors) and intangible (folklore, social aspects).
• Examples of classifications of resources include UNESCO heritage, OAS (Organization of American States) resources, and P.Defert classifications.
• Resources can be categorized by spatial characteristics (isolated, linear, zonal) or by functionality (tour-circuit attraction, longer-stay attractions, etc)
• In addition to these classifications, others may also be considered such as resources prior to tourism implementation or the complexity of the resource such as simple, complex or those that change availability as permanent, seasonal.

Part 2: Inventory of Tourist Resources

• In order to effectively manage enhancements and place tourism resources on the market, initial inventories must be undertaken.
• An inventory process has two phases.
• The Inventory phase: sorting and classifying areas of interest.
• The Assessment phase: evaluating and ranking resources, considering their weight/importance and any conflicts that might result.
• To carry out the inventory process, a classification system is needed to categorize the resources in the study area (local, regional or national).
• The process includes direct observation and recording information to fill out forms with corresponding data and images.
• The assessment phase must involve the evaluation and ranking of the resources

Part 2: Class Activities

• Identify the development phase of the city you selected and justify with supporting trends.
• Make an inventory of tourism resources, attractions and products for a selected city.

This quiz explores various aspects of tourism corridors, including their characteristics, models of development, and the necessary facilities for safety. It covers the roles and spatial organization of tourist areas and elements that define tourist spaces. Test your knowledge on these crucial tourism concepts!