Org. Theory and Design: Chapter 10 (Matching)

Investment in training and development activities = Human resources Transfer of resources to functions where the most value can be created = Functional resources Database queries = Technological capabilities Styling web pages = Organizational capabilities

Python = General-purpose programming JavaScript = Client-side scripting for web applications SQL = Database queries CSS = Styling web pages

Unfreezing = The process of preparing the organization to accept that change is necessary Refreezing = The process of stabilizing the organization in a new state after the change has been implemented Top-down change = Change implemented by managers at a high level in the organization Bottom-up change = Change implemented by employees at low levels in the organization and gradually rises until it is felt throughout the organization

<p>Counselling = Helping workers manage their interactions with other people in the organization more effectively Sensitivity training = An intense type of counselling to help individuals interpret and react to other people and events in a variety of ways Process consultation = Assisting individuals and groups in organizations to improve their problem-solving, decision-making, and performance Action research = A strategy for generating and acquiring knowledge that managers can use to define an organization’s desired future state and to plan a change program towards that future state</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reengineering = Redesigning how tasks are bundled into roles and functions to improve organizational effectiveness Restructuring = Changing task and authority relationships and redesigning organizational structure and culture to improve organizational effectiveness Innovation = The successful use of skills and resources to create new technologies or new goods and services E-engineering = Companies’ attempts to use all kinds of information systems to improve their performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flexible work team = A group of workers responsible for performing all the operations necessary for completing a specified stage in the manufacturing process Quality circles = Groups of workers who meet regularly to discuss the way work is performed in order to find new ways to increase performance Revolutionary change = Rapid, dramatic, and broadly focused change involving a bold attempt to quickly find new ways to be effective Institutionalizing action research = Making action research a required habit or a norm adopted by every member of an organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolutionary change = Gradual, incremental, and narrowly focused Revoluntary change = Drastic or sudden altering of the basic nature of an organization’s strategy and structure Sociotechnical systems theory = Theory proposing the importance of changing role and task relationships to increase organizational effectiveness Total quality management = Approach focused on constant attempt to improve, adapt, and adjust strategy and structure incrementally</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Competitive forces = Necessity to match or surpass competitors in efficiency, quality, or innovation Economic, political and global forces = Continual influence compelling organizations to change production methods and locations Demographic and social forces = Changes in workforce demographics leading to the need for new management styles and understanding diverse members effectively Ethical forces = Increasing demands for responsible and honest corporate behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organization-level resistance = Impediments to change caused by power struggles, functional differences, mechanistic structure, and organizational culture Group-level resistance = Resistance produced by strong informal norms, group cohesiveness, and groupthink in cohesive groups Individual-level resistance = Reasons for resistance including uncertainty, selective perception, and habit preference for familiar actions and events Lewin’s force-field theory of change = Theory stating that opposing forces within an organization determine how change will take place</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Technological capabilities = Enormous capacity to change an organization to exploit market opportunities Constant stream of new products or modifications = One of an organization’s core competences Organizational capabilities = Involves changing relationships between people and functions Changes in structure and culture = Include changing routines, work group relationships, division integration, and corporate culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process Consultation = Facilitator works closely with a manager to improve interactions with group members Team Building = Facilitator observes group interactions and helps them become aware of ways to improve work interaction Intergroup Training = Uses team building to improve different functions or divisions working together Organizational Confrontation Meeting = Brings all managers of an organization together to confront the issue of meeting organizational goals effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process Consultation = Improving manager's interaction with group members Team Building = Improving work interaction and awareness of group members Intergroup Training = Improving interdependent groups' effectiveness Organizational Confrontation Meeting = Meeeting organizational goals effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process Consultation = Individual/managerial level Team Building = Group level Intergroup Training = Inter-group level Organizational Confrontation Meeting = Organizational level</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process Consultation = Improving manager's interaction with group members Team Building = Improving work interaction and awareness of group members Intergroup Training = Improving interdependent groups' effectiveness Organizational Confrontation Meeting = Confronting organizational goals effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process Consultation = Manager's interactions with group members Team Building = Observing and improving group interactions Intergroup Training = Improving inter-group interactions Organizational Confrontation Meeting = Bringing managers together for confronting organizational issues</p> Signup and view all the answers