Topography of Thorax

The bony structure that protects the heart and lungs. It is formed by 12 thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs, and the sternum.

The upper opening of the thoracic cavity, formed by T1 vertebrae, first rib, and manubrium.

The lower opening of the thoracic cavity, formed by T12 vertebrae, 12th ribs, and xiphoid process.

The region within the thoracic cavity that contains the heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus.

The three layers of muscles that are found between the ribs. They help with breathing and support the thoracic wall.

The dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It's crucial for breathing.

The thin, double-layered membrane that surrounds each lung. It helps to reduce friction during breathing.

The space between the visceral pleura (lining the lung) and the parietal pleura (lining the chest wall).

The point where the apex of the lung extends into the neck above the first rib.

The broad, lower region of the lung.

The central area of the lung where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit.

The structure that connects the lung to the mediastinum containing the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves.

The groove along the medial border of the left lung where the heart makes contact.

The part of the left lung that lies above the heart and extends toward the cardiac notch.

The upper three lobes of the right lung.

The upper two lobes of the left lung.

The region of the mediastinum above the imaginary plane drawn from the sternal angle to the lower border of T4 vertebrae.

The region of the mediastinum below the imaginary plane drawn from the sternal angle to the lower border of T4 vertebrae.

The part of the inferior mediastinum located anterior to the heart.

The part of the inferior mediastinum that contains the heart.

The part of the inferior mediastinum located posterior to the heart.

The most superior part of the sternum, which connects to the clavicle.

Where the manubrium meets the body of the sternum, also known as the angle of Louis.

The body of the sternum, the main middle part.

The lower, small projection of the sternum.

The first to the seventh ribs, which attach directly to the sternum via costal cartilages.

The eighth to the tenth ribs, which attach indirectly to the sternum via costal cartilage connected to the seventh rib.

The 11th and 12th ribs which do not attach to the sternum.

The space between two adjacent ribs.

The plane formed by the intercostal nerves and vessels, running along the inferior edge of each rib.

The large opening at the level of T8 for the superior vena cava.

The opening at the level of T10 for the esophagus.

The opening at the level of T12 for the aorta.