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Questions and Answers
Which of the following terms describes the surface of the body that is further away from the surface?
Which of the following terms describes the surface of the body that is further away from the surface?
Which plane divides the body longitudinally into equal right and left halves?
Which plane divides the body longitudinally into equal right and left halves?
The term 'distal' refers to a structure that is nearer to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk.
The term 'distal' refers to a structure that is nearer to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk.
False
The term 'cranial' applies to the head, neck and tail.
The term 'cranial' applies to the head, neck and tail.
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The term 'rostral' applies to the head, neck, and tail.
The term 'rostral' applies to the head, neck, and tail.
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Which of the following terms refers to a structure located on the bottom surface of the foot?
Which of the following terms refers to a structure located on the bottom surface of the foot?
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Match the following terms to their definitions:
Match the following terms to their definitions:
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Which of the following terms describes the movement of the foot when pointing the toes downwards?
Which of the following terms describes the movement of the foot when pointing the toes downwards?
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Which of the following terms describes the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?
Which of the following terms describes the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?
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Which of the following terms describes the movement of a body part in an upward direction?
Which of the following terms describes the movement of a body part in an upward direction?
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Which of the following terms describes the movement of the hand when pointing the thumb up?
Which of the following terms describes the movement of the hand when pointing the thumb up?
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Which term describes the movement of the ankle in which the foot is pointing outwards?
Which term describes the movement of the ankle in which the foot is pointing outwards?
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Which of the following describes the movement of the shoulder girdle inwards towards the body?
Which of the following describes the movement of the shoulder girdle inwards towards the body?
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What is the term for the movement of a part when outlining a cone?
What is the term for the movement of a part when outlining a cone?
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Study Notes
Topographic Terms
- Plane: A surface, real or imaginary, where two points can be connected by a straight line.
- Median Plane: Divides the head, body, or limb into right and left halves.
- Sagittal Plane: Passes through the head, body, or limb, parallel to the median plane.
- Transverse Plane: Cuts across the head, body, or limb at a right angle to its long axis.
- Dorsal Plane: Runs at right angles to the median and transverse planes, dividing the body or head into dorsal and ventral portions.
Directional Terms
- Proximal: Nearer to the attachment of limb to trunk; closer to the origin.
- Distal: Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk; farther from the origin.
- Superficial: Toward or on the surface of the body.
- Deep: Away from the surface of the body.
- Cranial: Toward or relatively near the head.
- Caudal: Toward or relatively near the tail.
- Rostral: Toward or relatively near the nose (only for the head).
- Dorsal: Toward or relatively near the back and corresponding surface; on limbs, it applies to the upper or front surface.
- Ventral: Toward or relatively near the belly and corresponding surface; on limbs, it applies to the under or rear surface.
- Medial: Toward or relatively near the median plane.
- Lateral: Away from or relatively farther from the median plane.
- Axial: A central axis.
- Abaxial: Away from the central axis.
- Palmar: Relating to the palm of the hand or sole of the foot.
- Plantar: Relating to the sole of the foot.
- Radial: Relating to the radius bone in the forearm.
- Ulnar: Relating to the ulna bone in the forearm.
- Tibial: Relating to the tibia bone in the leg.
- Fibular: Relating to the fibula bone in the leg.
Movements of Body Parts
- Flexion: Decreasing the angle of a joint.
- Extension: Increasing the angle of a joint.
- Abduction: Moving a part away from the median plane.
- Adduction: Moving a part toward the median plane.
- Circumduction: Moving a part in a circle (outlining a cone).
- Rotation: Moving around its long axis.
- Dorsiflexion: Decreasing the angle of the ankle joint.
- Plantarflexion: Increasing the angle of the ankle joint.
- Elevation: Moving a body part in a superior direction.
- Depression: Moving a body part in an inferior direction.
- Eversion: Rotating the ankle so the sole of the foot points away from each other.
- Inversion: Rotating the ankle so the sole of the foot points towards each other.
- Supination: Rotation of the appendage so the palmar or plantar surface faces medially or dorsally.
- Pronation: Rotation of the appendage so the palmar or plantar surface faces ventrally.
- Lateral Rotation: Rotating a limb away from the centre (median) line of the body.
- Medial Rotation: Rotating a limb towards the centre (median) line of the body.
- Retraction: Posterior movement (toward the back of the body) of the arm at the shoulder.
- Protraction: Anterior movement (toward the front of the body) of the arm at the shoulder.
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Description
Test your knowledge on topographic and directional terms used in anatomy. This quiz covers planes of the body and key directional terms to help you understand spatial relationships in anatomical structures. Perfect for students in health and medical fields!
