Topical Drug Delivery Systems Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are ointments, creams, and gels primarily intended for?

Topical application (correct)

Oral ingestion

Inhalation

Intravenous application

Which of the following is NOT a topical drug delivery system?

Injection (correct)

Plaster

Tincture

Lotion

What are unmedicated ointments primarily used for?

Physical effects as protectants (correct)

Oral ingestion

Systemic drug delivery

Intramuscular injection

Which type of ointment base is also termed hydrocarbon bases?

Oleaginous bases Signup and view all the answers

Where are ointments intended to be applied?

Externally Signup and view all the answers

What are topical drug delivery systems NOT typically used for?

Intramuscular injection Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ointment base is difficult to wash off from the skin?

Hydrocarbon bases Signup and view all the answers

What type of emulsion do water-removable bases resemble?

Oil-in-water emulsions Signup and view all the answers

Which substance can be used as a levigating agent for incorporating powdered substances into hydrocarbon bases?

Liquid petrolatum (mineral oil) Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for Hydrophilic Ointment, USP?

Stearyl alcohol, white petrolatum, methylparaben, propylparaben, sodium lauryl sulfate, propylene glycol, purified water Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of water-soluble bases?

They are completely water washable Signup and view all the answers

What factor does the selection of the ointment base depend on?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

How are ointments mainly prepared?

Both incorporation and fusion methods Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of liquid petrolatum (mineral oil) in incorporating powdered substances into hydrocarbon bases?

Acting as a levigating agent Signup and view all the answers

Which type of base allows for the incorporation of additional quantities of aqueous solutions?

Absorption bases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of water-removable bases?

They are easily washed from skin Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ointment base is difficult to wash off from the skin?

Oleaginous bases Signup and view all the answers

What factor does the selection of the ointment base depend on?

Physical effects provided Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of water-soluble bases?

They allow easy incorporation of aqueous solutions Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of liquid petrolatum (mineral oil) in incorporating powdered substances into hydrocarbon bases?

To aid in uniform mixing Signup and view all the answers

What type of emulsion do water-removable bases resemble?

Oil-in-water emulsion Signup and view all the answers

What are unmedicated ointments primarily used for?

As protectants, emollients, or lubricants Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of water-removable bases?

To allow for easy washing from the skin Signup and view all the answers

Which type of base permits the incorporation of additional quantities of aqueous solutions?

Absorption bases Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of water-soluble bases?

They are completely water washable Signup and view all the answers

Which substance can be used as a levigating agent for incorporating powdered substances into hydrocarbon bases?

Liquid petrolatum (mineral oil) Signup and view all the answers

What are ointments primarily intended for?

To release drug substances from the base Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for the preparation of 1,000 g of PEG ointment?

PEG 3350 --- 400 g, PEG 400 ---- 600 g Signup and view all the answers

What factor does the selection of the ointment base depend on?

The desirability of topical or percutaneous drug absorption Signup and view all the answers

How are water-removable bases best described?

As easily washed from skin because the external phase of the emulsion is aqueous Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable characteristic of absorption bases?

They result in oil-in-water emulsions when aqueous solutions are incorporated Signup and view all the answers

What is a major factor in selecting a base for ointment formulation?

The stability of the drug in the ointment base Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ointments and Topical Drug Delivery Systems

Ointments, creams, and gels are primarily intended for topical application to the skin or mucous membranes.

Characteristics of Ointment Bases

Hydrocarbon bases are also termed hydrocarbon bases.
Water-soluble bases are characterized by being easily washed off from the skin.
Absorption bases are able to absorb and hold a large amount of water.
Water-removable bases are difficult to wash off from the skin, resemble oil-in-water emulsions, and permit the incorporation of additional quantities of aqueous solutions.
Hydrocarbon bases are difficult to wash off from the skin.

Functions and Uses

Unmedicated ointments are primarily used for protecting and moisturizing the skin.
Water-removable bases are used for incorporating powdered substances and have the primary function of being easily removable from the skin.
Liquid petrolatum (mineral oil) is used as a levigating agent for incorporating powdered substances into hydrocarbon bases.

Preparation and Formulation

Ointments are mainly prepared by incorporating active ingredients into a suitable base.
The general formula for Hydrophilic Ointment, USP is not specified, but the general formula for 1,000 g of PEG ointment is not provided.
The selection of the ointment base depends on the type of skin, the condition being treated, and the desired release of the active ingredient.