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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of telomeric repeats in human chromosomes?
What is the primary function of telomeric repeats in human chromosomes?
- To protect the integrity of chromosomes and allow for their replication (correct)
- To increase the gene expression of nearby genes
- To facilitate the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
- To aid in the separation of sister chromatids during mitosis
What is the significance of defects in telomere maintenance?
What is the significance of defects in telomere maintenance?
- They result in the formation of satellite DNA
- They are involved in cancer and aging (correct)
- They lead to increased gene expression and cellular growth
- They allow for the exchange of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes
What is the typical length of alpha repeats in satellite DNA?
What is the typical length of alpha repeats in satellite DNA?
- 68 bp
- 6 bp
- 1 kb
- 171 bp (correct)
What is the primary characteristic of dispersed repeats?
What is the primary characteristic of dispersed repeats?
What is the function of satellite DNA?
What is the function of satellite DNA?
Which type of repetitive DNA is typically found near the centromeres and telomeres of chromosomes?
Which type of repetitive DNA is typically found near the centromeres and telomeres of chromosomes?
What is the typical structure of telomeric repeats in human chromosomes?
What is the typical structure of telomeric repeats in human chromosomes?
Which type of repetitive DNA is composed of short tandem repeats (STRs)?
Which type of repetitive DNA is composed of short tandem repeats (STRs)?
What is the function of telomeric repeats in protecting the integrity of chromosomes?
What is the function of telomeric repeats in protecting the integrity of chromosomes?
Which type of repetitive DNA is characterized by being interspersed throughout the genome?
Which type of repetitive DNA is characterized by being interspersed throughout the genome?
What is the significance of macro satellites in the context of chromosomal mutations?
What is the significance of macro satellites in the context of chromosomal mutations?
What is the typical length of beta repeats in satellite DNA?
What is the typical length of beta repeats in satellite DNA?
Which type of repetitive DNA is characterized by clusters of repeated sequences near the telomeres?
Which type of repetitive DNA is characterized by clusters of repeated sequences near the telomeres?
What is the primary characteristic of satellite DNA?
What is the primary characteristic of satellite DNA?
Which type of repetitive DNA is typically found near the centromeres?
Which type of repetitive DNA is typically found near the centromeres?
What is the function of telomeric repeats in chromosome replication?
What is the function of telomeric repeats in chromosome replication?
Which type of repetitive DNA is composed of tandem repeats?
Which type of repetitive DNA is composed of tandem repeats?
What is the consequence of defects in telomere maintenance?
What is the consequence of defects in telomere maintenance?
What is the primary function of macro satellites in chromosomal mutations?
What is the primary function of macro satellites in chromosomal mutations?
What is the main characteristic of mini satellites?
What is the main characteristic of mini satellites?
What is the general function of telomeric repeats in human chromosomes?
What is the general function of telomeric repeats in human chromosomes?
What is the primary characteristic of micro satellites?
What is the primary characteristic of micro satellites?
What is the significance of SINEs in dispersed repeats?
What is the significance of SINEs in dispersed repeats?
What is the primary characteristic of tandem repeats?
What is the primary characteristic of tandem repeats?
What is the general function of satellite DNA?
What is the general function of satellite DNA?
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Study Notes
Chromosomal Mutations
- Satellite DNA is a type of repetitive DNA with an unclear function.
- There are two major classes of satellite DNA: Alpha Repeats (171 bp) and Beta Repeats (68 bp).
Tandem Repeats
- Tandem repeats are repetitive sequences that are found in tandem.
- Mini satellites are a type of short tandem repeat (STR).
- Micro satellites are found near telomeres.
- Macro satellites are found near centromeres and telomeres, and are megabases long.
Telomeric Repeats
- Telomeric repeats are clusters of repeated 6bp TTAGGG sequences in humans, which can be up to several kb long.
- They protect the integrity of chromosomes by allowing the replication of the extreme ends of chromosomes.
- Defects in telomere maintenance are involved in cancer and aging.
Dispersed Repeats
- Dispersed repeats are interspersed repetitive DNA.
- SINEs (Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements) are a type of dispersed repeat.
Chromosomal Mutations
- Satellite DNA is a type of repetitive DNA with an unclear function.
- There are two major classes of satellite DNA: Alpha Repeats (171 bp) and Beta Repeats (68 bp).
Tandem Repeats
- Tandem repeats are repetitive sequences that are found in tandem.
- Mini satellites are a type of short tandem repeat (STR).
- Micro satellites are found near telomeres.
- Macro satellites are found near centromeres and telomeres, and are megabases long.
Telomeric Repeats
- Telomeric repeats are clusters of repeated 6bp TTAGGG sequences in humans, which can be up to several kb long.
- They protect the integrity of chromosomes by allowing the replication of the extreme ends of chromosomes.
- Defects in telomere maintenance are involved in cancer and aging.
Dispersed Repeats
- Dispersed repeats are interspersed repetitive DNA.
- SINEs (Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements) are a type of dispersed repeat.
Chromosomal Mutations
- Satellite DNA is a type of repetitive DNA with an unclear function.
- There are two major classes of satellite DNA: Alpha Repeats (171 bp) and Beta Repeats (68 bp).
Tandem Repeats
- Tandem repeats are repetitive sequences that are found in tandem.
- Mini satellites are a type of short tandem repeat (STR).
- Micro satellites are found near telomeres.
- Macro satellites are found near centromeres and telomeres, and are megabases long.
Telomeric Repeats
- Telomeric repeats are clusters of repeated 6bp TTAGGG sequences in humans, which can be up to several kb long.
- They protect the integrity of chromosomes by allowing the replication of the extreme ends of chromosomes.
- Defects in telomere maintenance are involved in cancer and aging.
Dispersed Repeats
- Dispersed repeats are interspersed repetitive DNA.
- SINEs (Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements) are a type of dispersed repeat.
Chromosomal Mutations
- Satellite DNA is a type of repetitive DNA with an unclear function.
- There are two major classes of satellite DNA: Alpha Repeats (171 bp) and Beta Repeats (68 bp).
Tandem Repeats
- Tandem repeats are repetitive sequences that are found in tandem.
- Mini satellites are a type of short tandem repeat (STR).
- Micro satellites are found near telomeres.
- Macro satellites are found near centromeres and telomeres, and are megabases long.
Telomeric Repeats
- Telomeric repeats are clusters of repeated 6bp TTAGGG sequences in humans, which can be up to several kb long.
- They protect the integrity of chromosomes by allowing the replication of the extreme ends of chromosomes.
- Defects in telomere maintenance are involved in cancer and aging.
Dispersed Repeats
- Dispersed repeats are interspersed repetitive DNA.
- SINEs (Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements) are a type of dispersed repeat.
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