Types of Chromosomal Mutations: Translocation and Duplication
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Questions and Answers

What type of genetic change involves pieces from two different chromosomes trading places with each other?

  • Duplication
  • Translocation (correct)
  • Substitution
  • Insertion
  • During which process does duplication occur when two misaligned homologous chromosomes have unequal crossing-over?

  • Transcription
  • Meiosis (correct)
  • Translation
  • Mitosis
  • Which type of mutation involves the addition of one or more nucleotides into a segment of DNA?

  • Deletion
  • Substitution
  • Insertion (correct)
  • Translocation
  • What is the least dangerous type of DNA mutation according to the text?

    <p>Substitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation involves the loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA?

    <p>Deletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mutation occurs when a segment of a chromosome is copied and placed into another chromosome?

    <p>Duplication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common characteristics of individuals with Klinefelter's Syndrome?

    <p>Tall stature and shy personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which syndrome is characterized by a 'caved-in' appearance as described in the text?

    <p>Turner's Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trisomy results in the presence of female sexual characteristics but with underdevelopment?

    <p>Turner's Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic hand appearance is associated with Edwards Syndrome?

    <p>Clenched hands and overlapping fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals with Jacobsen Syndrome are most likely to experience which of the following language-related challenges?

    <p>Poor or excessive language skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trisomy leads to mild to moderate mental retardation as one of its symptoms?

    <p>Edwards Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical consequences can occur if there is a loss or gain of chromosomal material?

    <p>Moderate to severe mental retardation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disorder results from the deletion of part of chromosome 5's short arm?

    <p>Cri du chat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Down’s syndrome most commonly?

    <p>Trisomy of chromosome 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what stage of development can structural changes in chromosomes occur?

    <p>Fetal development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the effects of structural changes in chromosomes?

    <p>Size and location of the changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may happen if pieces of DNA are rearranged within one chromosome or transferred between chromosomes?

    <p>Genetic disorders may occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

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