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Questions and Answers
What is one potential consequence of increased abrasive action in whitening toothpastes?
What is one potential consequence of increased abrasive action in whitening toothpastes?
Which of the following agents is NOT associated with whitening toothpastes?
Which of the following agents is NOT associated with whitening toothpastes?
Which ingredient is commonly claimed to interfere with the mineralization of plaque?
Which ingredient is commonly claimed to interfere with the mineralization of plaque?
What must be done to remove established calculus deposits?
What must be done to remove established calculus deposits?
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Which of the following is a possible characteristic of natural/herbal toothpastes?
Which of the following is a possible characteristic of natural/herbal toothpastes?
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In investigating toothpaste options, what should be considered when recommending a toothpaste to a patient?
In investigating toothpaste options, what should be considered when recommending a toothpaste to a patient?
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What is one primary function of toothpaste?
What is one primary function of toothpaste?
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Which ingredient in toothpaste is most commonly associated with cavity prevention?
Which ingredient in toothpaste is most commonly associated with cavity prevention?
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How did toothpaste commonly take form in the 19th Century?
How did toothpaste commonly take form in the 19th Century?
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What is a potential risk when large amounts of toothpaste are swallowed?
What is a potential risk when large amounts of toothpaste are swallowed?
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Why is there a need for health care professionals to stay updated on toothpaste trends?
Why is there a need for health care professionals to stay updated on toothpaste trends?
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Which of the following ingredients can possibly substitute for commercial toothpaste?
Which of the following ingredients can possibly substitute for commercial toothpaste?
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Which of the following was NOT an ingredient in early tooth powders from Victorian Britain?
Which of the following was NOT an ingredient in early tooth powders from Victorian Britain?
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What was a key selling point of the toothpaste market for consumers?
What was a key selling point of the toothpaste market for consumers?
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What are non-active ingredients in toothpaste primarily used for?
What are non-active ingredients in toothpaste primarily used for?
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What is the primary function of fluoride in toothpaste?
What is the primary function of fluoride in toothpaste?
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Which of the following is considered a non-active constituent in toothpaste?
Which of the following is considered a non-active constituent in toothpaste?
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What role do detergents serve in toothpaste?
What role do detergents serve in toothpaste?
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What is one of the purposes of humectants in toothpaste?
What is one of the purposes of humectants in toothpaste?
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What is the primary purpose of preservatives in toothpastes?
What is the primary purpose of preservatives in toothpastes?
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Which ingredient would contribute to achieving desensitizing action in toothpaste?
Which ingredient would contribute to achieving desensitizing action in toothpaste?
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Which of the following is NOT a commonly used sweetener in toothpaste?
Which of the following is NOT a commonly used sweetener in toothpaste?
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What role do flavorings play in toothpaste formulations?
What role do flavorings play in toothpaste formulations?
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What is the typical percentage range for humectants in toothpaste?
What is the typical percentage range for humectants in toothpaste?
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What is a potential drawback of foaming agents such as Sodium Lauryl Sulphate?
What is a potential drawback of foaming agents such as Sodium Lauryl Sulphate?
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Which of the following is an example of a commonly used humectant?
Which of the following is an example of a commonly used humectant?
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What function do emulsifiers/binding agents serve in toothpaste?
What function do emulsifiers/binding agents serve in toothpaste?
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Which active ingredient is most commonly found in toothpaste to help prevent caries?
Which active ingredient is most commonly found in toothpaste to help prevent caries?
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What is the primary function of polishing agents in toothpaste?
What is the primary function of polishing agents in toothpaste?
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Which ingredient primarily helps improve the appearance of teeth?
Which ingredient primarily helps improve the appearance of teeth?
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What is a common example of a binding agent used in toothpaste?
What is a common example of a binding agent used in toothpaste?
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Which of the following compounds is often used as a coloring agent in toothpastes?
Which of the following compounds is often used as a coloring agent in toothpastes?
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How do active ingredients like fluoride benefit tooth enamel?
How do active ingredients like fluoride benefit tooth enamel?
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Which of the following preservatives is used in toothpaste?
Which of the following preservatives is used in toothpaste?
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What is the function of humectants in toothpaste?
What is the function of humectants in toothpaste?
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What is the recommended fluoride level for children aged 3-6 years?
What is the recommended fluoride level for children aged 3-6 years?
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Which desensitizing agent is NOT mentioned as being used in toothpastes?
Which desensitizing agent is NOT mentioned as being used in toothpastes?
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What is the active purpose of anti plaque/antimicrobial agents in toothpaste?
What is the active purpose of anti plaque/antimicrobial agents in toothpaste?
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Which of the following fluoride types is recommended for high-risk adults?
Which of the following fluoride types is recommended for high-risk adults?
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Which whitening agent's effect is often minimal compared to its claims?
Which whitening agent's effect is often minimal compared to its claims?
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The recommended fluoride level for adolescents and adults is:
The recommended fluoride level for adolescents and adults is:
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Which of these isn't listed as an anti plaque agent in toothpastes?
Which of these isn't listed as an anti plaque agent in toothpastes?
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What type of fluoride should children aged 0-3 years use?
What type of fluoride should children aged 0-3 years use?
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Which technique is advised after brushing with fluoride toothpaste?
Which technique is advised after brushing with fluoride toothpaste?
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What is the function of TRICLOSAN in toothpaste?
What is the function of TRICLOSAN in toothpaste?
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Study Notes
Toothpastes
- Aim: To understand toothpaste components and their role in patient care.
- Intended Learning Outcomes:
- Understand the functions of toothpaste.
- Appreciate the role of non-active ingredients.
- Explore active ingredients in toothpaste and their role in patient treatment.
- What is a Toothpaste?: A paste or gel dentifrice used with a toothbrush.
- Promotes oral hygiene by removing plaque and food.
- Aids in reducing bad breath.
- Containing abrasives for superficial stain removal.
- Contains active ingredients like fluoride to prevent tooth decay and gum disease.
- Some commercial toothpastes contain salt or sodium bicarbonate instead or in addition to fluoride
- Large amounts of swallowed toothpaste can be toxic.
- History:
- Toothpastes, initially in the form of tooth powders, became common in 19th-century Britain.
- Ancient use in Egypt and Rome predates this.
- Early tooth powders used ingredients like salt, pulverized brick, chalk, and coal.
Toothpaste Constituents
- Divided into active and non-active ingredients.
Non-Active Constituents
- Emulsifier/Binding agents (1-5%): Hold ingredients together, preventing them from separating. Examples include carrageenans, alginates, carboxymethyl cellulose, colloidal silica, and acacia gum.
- Detergents/Foaming agents (1-2%): Create the bubbly foam in the paste and help to loosen debris. Examples include Sodium Lauryl Sulphate and Sodium N-lauryl Sarcosinate.
- Humectants (10-30%): Maintain moisture in the paste. Common examples include water, glycerine, and propylene glycol.
- Preservatives (0.05-1%): Prevent contamination by bacteria, increasing shelf-life. Examples include alcohol, benzoates, and phenols.
- Sweeteners: Enhance taste and acceptability (e.g., sorbitol, saccharin, xylitol).
- Flavourings: Mask the taste of other ingredients. Examples include peppermint, spearmint, aniseed, eucalyptus, lemon, and menthol.
- Colouring agents: Make the paste more visually appealing. Examples are chlorophyll and titanium dioxide.
- Polishing agents/Abrasives (20-40%): Mild abrasive action on teeth, control superficial stains. Examples include calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, silica particles, sodium chloride, zirconium silicate, calcium pyrophosphate, and hydrated alumina.
Active Constituents
-
Fluoride (over 95% of toothpastes):
- Prevents tooth decay by making tooth surfaces resistant to acid attack and encouraging remineralisation.
- Types include Sodium Monofluorophosphate, Sodium Fluoride, and Stannous Fluoride.
- Fluoride levels recommended for different age groups range from a smear for children under two to a pea-sized amount for older children up to a higher dosage for adults.
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Anti-plaque/antimicrobial agents: (e.g., Triclosan): Prevent plaque formation and bacteria growth. Includes zinc citrate trihydrate and Sodium Ricioleate among others.
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Desensitizing agents: Address dentin sensitivity. Examples include strontium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium citrate, strontium acetate, and calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Novamin).
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Whitening agents: Typically minimal effect on superficial stains. Removal of more extensive stains requires professional treatments. Optical brightening effects, removal of stain by proteolytic enzymes, or additional abrasive action, are used. Agents such as charcoal, sodium bicarbonate, silica, and carbamide peroxide are commonly used examples.
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Anti-calculus (anti-tartar) agents: Little evidence of effectiveness beyond interfering with plaque mineralization. Includes Calcium Pyrophosphates and Sodium Hexametaphosphate.
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Other relevant information: Patient and age group considerations are necessary when prescribing toothpaste
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Description
This quiz explores the components of toothpaste and their roles in promoting oral hygiene. Participants will learn about active and non-active ingredients, their functions, and the history of toothpaste. Understanding these aspects is essential for effective patient care.
