Tooth Erosion Management
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What is the main effect of tooth erosion on the enamel?

  • It makes the enamel more resistant to acid.
  • It has no effect on the enamel.
  • It makes the enamel thicker and stronger.
  • It weakens the enamel and makes it more susceptible to acid. (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a sign of tooth erosion?

  • Deeper enamel pits (correct)
  • Grooved incisal edges
  • Thinner enamel
  • Shiny, smooth tooth surface
  • What is the primary cause of intrinsic tooth erosion?

  • Excessive brushing
  • Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (correct)
  • Acidic foods
  • Dental hygiene practices
  • Which teeth are most commonly affected by intrinsic tooth erosion?

    <p>Upper incisal, palatal, and lower molar occlusal surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between hydroxyapatite and tooth erosion?

    <p>Hydroxyapatite strengthens the enamel and protects it from erosion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to take a patient's medical history when examining for tooth erosion?

    <p>To identify potential risk factors for tooth erosion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why a tooth may appear yellow after experiencing erosion?

    <p>The enamel is thinner, revealing the underlying dentin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding the vulnerability of eroded teeth to physical wear?

    <p>Increased risk of fracture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does GORD commonly manifest as in adults?

    <p>Heartburn or chest pains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following beverages is most likely to contribute to tooth erosion?

    <p>Fruit juices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended practice when consuming carbonated drinks to protect teeth?

    <p>Use a straw (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary analysis tool is suggested for understanding the causes of tooth erosion?

    <p>A four-day food diary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should individuals avoid drinking acidic beverages at night?

    <p>Saliva flow is reduced (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients be questioned about if tooth erosion is suspected to be due to an eating disorder?

    <p>History of acid reflux (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ingredient should be checked in sports drinks to ensure they are less harmful to teeth?

    <p>Healthy additives like calcium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drink is considered to be potentially more erosive than regular drinks?

    <p>Diet drinks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the natural function of saliva in relation to oral health?

    <p>To neutralise acids in the mouth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT recommended for patients at risk of tooth erosion?

    <p>Consuming acidic beverages regularly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long can chewing sugar-free gum stimulate saliva production?

    <p>Up to two hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when analyzing a patient's diet for tooth erosion risk?

    <p>The patient's social history and lifestyle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological process in saliva is important for dental health?

    <p>Its buffering capacity against acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom may indicate tooth erosion related to dietary habits?

    <p>Acid reflux evidence on teeth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should dental health therapists (DHTs) routinely take regarding patients' medications?

    <p>Cross-check medications for potential erosion risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is chewing sugar-free gum effective for patients at risk of tooth erosion?

    <p>It stimulates saliva production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of toothbrush is recommended for patients with weakened teeth?

    <p>Medium to soft manual toothbrush (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brushing technique is advised for patients with sensitive or weakened teeth?

    <p>Modified bass technique (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients avoid to prevent further tooth erosion?

    <p>Scrubbing vigorously while brushing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect that can contribute to tooth erosion?

    <p>Nausea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might an electric toothbrush be beneficial for some patients?

    <p>It helps avoid scrubbing techniques (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the tooth additionally needs consideration due to its vulnerability to abrasion?

    <p>Dentine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect should DHTs always verify before advising patients?

    <p>Medications taken by patients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of sports drinks was highlighted in the study mentioned?

    <p>They may cause dental hazards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of fluoride varnish treatment on enamel during acid attacks?

    <p>It increases enamel hardness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ingredient is recommended for toothpaste to effectively prevent tooth erosion?

    <p>1450 parts per million fluoride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should dental health professionals (DHTs) do when monitoring tooth wear progression?

    <p>Consult with a dentist colleague if necessary. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What alternative tooth care product may be recommended to patients for remineralizing erosive lesions?

    <p>GC Tooth Mousse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can dental health professionals assist patients in selecting effective toothpaste?

    <p>By showing patients how to read and recognize ingredients. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of records should be taken to monitor changes in teeth effectively?

    <p>Photographs and study models. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did the fluoride varnish treatment have in the study involving cola drink submersion?

    <p>It limited enamel softening. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of DHTs in relation to dental records?

    <p>To create a historical document of teeth changes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these options are features of tooth erosion?

    <p>Increased tooth sensitivity (A), Dentine exposure, creating a dark tooth color (B), Chipping of incisal edges caused by attrition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of tooth erosion?

    <p>Chronic exposure of dental hard tissue to acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tooth surface is primarily affected by extrinsic acid erosion?

    <p>Buccal and labial areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does tooth erosion affect the inorganic calcium hydroxyapatite crystal structure?

    <p>It weakens the crystal structure by releasing calcium and substituting it with weaker minerals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a reason for the increasing prevalence of tooth erosion?

    <p>Improved oral hygiene practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is primarily responsible for the management of tooth erosion?

    <p>Dental hygienists and therapists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'attrition' refer to in the context of tooth erosion?

    <p>Tooth to tooth wear (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of preventative care for tooth erosion?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    GORD

    Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease causing sour taste and heartburn.

    Extrinsic acids

    Acids introduced to teeth via diet causing erosion.

    Diet impact on teeth

    Certain diets increase risk of tooth erosion.

    Carbonated drinks

    Sodas that can erode teeth due to acidity.

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    Four-day diet diary

    A record to analyze food and drink intake over four days.

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    Healthy drink additives

    Calcium, phosphate, and fluoride are beneficial for teeth.

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    Erosion and diet drinks

    Diet drinks can be more erosive than regular ones.

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    Avoiding acidic drinks at night

    Drinking acids at night increases damage to teeth.

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    Carbonate (CO3)

    A compound that can weaken hydroxyapatite, altering tooth structure.

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    Tooth erosion

    Loss of tooth structure due to acid dissolution leading to weakened enamel.

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    Enamel appearance changes

    Thinner, smoother, shinier, and more yellowed enamel from erosion.

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    Dentin exposure

    Areas of exposed dentin as a result of enamel loss.

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    Demineralisation

    The process of losing minerals from tooth enamel, leading to decay.

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    Acid generation

    Acids can come from the stomach, causing tooth erosion.

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    Remineralisation

    The natural process of restoring minerals to depleted tooth enamel.

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    Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)

    A condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the oesophagus, affecting teeth.

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    Fluoride Varnish

    A protective coating that helps to strengthen enamel and prevent cavities.

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    Signs of tooth erosion

    Visible signs may include grooved incisal edges and dimpled occlusal surfaces.

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    Medical history importance

    Taking a patient's medical history reveals risks for tooth erosion.

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    Enamel Hardness

    The resistance of tooth enamel to wear and acid attacks.

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    GC Tooth Mousse

    A cream containing calcium and phosphate that aids in remineralisation.

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    Toothpaste Ingredients

    Components in toothpaste that can prevent tooth erosion and decay.

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    Erosive Lesions

    Damaged areas on tooth enamel due to acid exposure.

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    Dental Records

    Documentation of patients' dental health to track changes over time.

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    Tooth abrasion

    Wear on tooth structure caused by ineffective brushing techniques.

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    Hard bristled toothbrush

    Toothbrush with stiff bristles that can harm teeth and gums.

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    Dentine layer

    Inner layer of the tooth, sensitive and more prone to abrasion.

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    Modified Bass technique

    Gentle brushing method recommended to avoid tooth wear.

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    Soft toothbrush

    Toothbrush designed with gentle bristles to protect teeth.

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    Electric toothbrush

    Toothbrush powered by electricity that enhances brushing efficiency.

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    Tooth erosion causes

    Factors like acidic foods, drinks, and certain medications that lead to enamel wear.

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    Dry mouth effects

    Condition where saliva production decreases, increasing tooth decay risk.

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    Causes of Tooth Erosion

    Chronic exposure to acid from diet or bacterial plaque.

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    Risk Factors

    Increasing prevalence in younger demographics due to modern diets.

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    Symptoms of Erosion

    Poor aesthetics, dentine exposure, and tooth chipping.

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    Dental Hard Tissue Composition

    Made of inorganic calcium hydroxyapatite crystals.

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    Effect of Acid Attack

    Calcium is released from the crystal structure during acid exposure.

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    Impact of Abrasion

    Possible wear from excessive or incorrect tooth brushing.

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    Chronic Acid Exposure

    Continuous contact with acidic substances can lead to tooth erosion.

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    Stimulating saliva flow

    The process of increasing saliva production to help neutralize acids in the mouth.

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    Bicarbonates

    Chemical compounds in saliva that help neutralize acids.

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    pH of 5.5

    The safe level of acidity in the mouth to prevent tooth erosion.

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    Sugar-free gum

    Chewing gum without sugar that stimulates saliva production.

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    Diet diary

    A record of foods and drinks consumed, used to identify potential causes of tooth erosion.

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    DHT (Dietary Health Technicians)

    Professionals who analyze patient diets and provide dietary advice.

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    Acid reflux evidence

    Signs that suggest stomach acid impacts teeth, often visible in erosion.

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    Study Notes

    Tooth Erosion Management

    • Tooth erosion is irreversible tooth surface loss from chronic acid exposure, not bacterial plaque.
    • Rising prevalence, especially in younger demographics, linked to increased smoothie and energy drink consumption.
    • Key features of erosion include tooth sensitivity, poor aesthetics (enamel wear), exposed dentin (darkened teeth), chipping, and abrasion.
    • Tooth surfaces may appear thin, smooth, shiny, and more yellow, with grooved incisal edges.
    • Erosion-causing acids can arise intrinsically (stomach acid) or extrinsically (acidic diet). Intrinsically affected surfaces are typically palatal, incisal, and molar occlusal. Extrinsically affected surfaces are often buccal and labial.
    • Dental hard tissue primarily consists of inorganic calcium hydroxyapatite crystals.
    • Acidic environments weaken these crystals by releasing calcium. Replacement minerals (sodium, magnesium, phosphate, or carbonate), which are less resistant to further acid, weaken the structure.
    • Erosion patients require a thorough medical history. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD) and eating disorders are important contributors.
    • Diet analysis (4-day diary, including weekend consumption details) is essential if medical history is inconclusive.
    • Avoid grazing on acidic foods or drinks to minimize frequent exposure.
    • Use straws for carbonated and other acidic drinks to minimize tooth contact and to reduce extended acidic exposure in the mouth.
    • Avoid acidic drinks at night as saliva flow, which neutralizes acids, is lower.
    • Consider sports drink selection; higher calcium, phosphate, and/or fluoride content can reduce erosive potential.

    Saliva and Re-mineralization

    • Saliva neutralizes acid, maintaining a safe oral pH of around 5.5.
    • Saliva bicarbonate and urea act as a buffer, neutralizing acids.
    • Chewing sugar-free gum stimulates saliva flow and increases pH.
    • Gum chewing benefits oral health by neutralizing acids in food and drinks, and by increasing saliva production for up to two hours, and improves pH after 20 minutes.

    Oral Hygiene Recommendations

    • Soft-bristled toothbrushes and gentle brushing techniques (modified bass technique) are recommended, especially for those with exposed dentin.
    • Electric toothbrushes with pressure sensors can help reduce brushing force.
    • Avoid brushing immediately after acidic consumption.

    Medical Considerations

    • Medication side effects like nausea, vomiting, and dry mouth should be assessed as potential contributing factors for tooth erosion.
    • Chemotherapy, codeine-containing pain relievers, and some antidepressants can compromise oral health.
    • Effervescent medicines and pregnancy can also lead to acid exposure which contribute to tooth erosion.

    Fluoride and Remineralization

    • Fluoride incorporation strengthens tooth enamel, making it more resistant to acid erosion by creating a stronger hydroxyapatite crystal.
    • Daily fluoride through toothpaste and mouthrinse, or high concentration fluoride toothpaste, is crucial.
    • Fluoride mouthrinses further remineralize teeth.
    • Patients may be advised to use a high-concentration fluoride toothpaste like Colgate Duraphat 2800 ppm or Duraphat 5000 ppm.
    • Fluoride varnishes can apply a high concentration of fluoride directly to vulnerable tooth surfaces.

    Professional Remineralizing Products

    • Research into products like GC Tooth Mousse (CPP-ACP) containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, may assist in remineralizing eroding lesions.
    • These products help remineralize by increasing the bioavailable calcium and phosphate in hydroxyapatite crystals.

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    Description

    Explore the causes and effects of tooth erosion in this quiz. Learn about the factors leading to irreversible tooth surface loss, including dietary influences and acid exposure. Understand the characteristics and management strategies necessary to combat tooth erosion effectively.

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