Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following correctly describes the primary function of taste buds?
Which of the following correctly describes the primary function of taste buds?
- Assisting in speech production
- Detection of different taste sensations (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami) (correct)
- Production of saliva
- Protection of the respiratory tract
Taste buds are primarily located on which structures of the tongue?
Taste buds are primarily located on which structures of the tongue?
- Pharynx
- Lingual tonsils
- Frenulum
- Papillae (particularly circumvallate, fungiform, and foliate) (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a type of papilla found on the tongue?
Which of the following is NOT a type of papilla found on the tongue?
- Sebaceous (correct)
- Foliate
- Filiform
- Vallate
What is the main function of the filiform papillae on the tongue?
What is the main function of the filiform papillae on the tongue?
Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for the sensation of taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for the sensation of taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Which of the following correctly describes the function of intrinsic tongue muscles?
Which of the following correctly describes the function of intrinsic tongue muscles?
Which nerve innervates both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Which nerve innervates both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Which extrinsic tongue muscle is primarily responsible for protruding the tongue?
Which extrinsic tongue muscle is primarily responsible for protruding the tongue?
What is the primary blood vessel that supplies blood to the tongue?
What is the primary blood vessel that supplies blood to the tongue?
Which nerve uniquely innervates the palatoglossus muscle, responsible for elevating the posterior part of the tongue?
Which nerve uniquely innervates the palatoglossus muscle, responsible for elevating the posterior part of the tongue?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue?
What main neurotransmitter is involved in the process of taste perception?
What main neurotransmitter is involved in the process of taste perception?
How does the trigeminal nerve contribute to the sensation of taste?
How does the trigeminal nerve contribute to the sensation of taste?
What is the typical appearance of a healthy tongue?
What is the typical appearance of a healthy tongue?
Which abnormal appearance of the tongue may indicate a vitamin deficiency?
Which abnormal appearance of the tongue may indicate a vitamin deficiency?
A white coating on the tongue often suggests which condition?
A white coating on the tongue often suggests which condition?
What causes a 'hairy tongue' condition?
What causes a 'hairy tongue' condition?
Flashcards
Function of taste buds
Function of taste buds
Detection of different taste sensations: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami.
Location of taste buds
Location of taste buds
Primarily located on papillae: circumvallate, fungiform, and foliate.
Type of papilla not found on tongue
Type of papilla not found on tongue
Sebaceous is NOT a type of papilla found on the tongue.
Function of filiform papillae
Function of filiform papillae
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Cranial nerve for anterior taste
Cranial nerve for anterior taste
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Intrinsic tongue muscles
Intrinsic tongue muscles
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Nerve for tongue muscles
Nerve for tongue muscles
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Extrinsic muscle for tongue protrusion
Extrinsic muscle for tongue protrusion
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Blood supply to the tongue
Blood supply to the tongue
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Nerve innervating palatoglossus
Nerve innervating palatoglossus
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Cranial nerve for posterior taste
Cranial nerve for posterior taste
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Neurotransmitter for taste perception
Neurotransmitter for taste perception
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Trigeminal nerve taste contribution
Trigeminal nerve taste contribution
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Appearance of a healthy tongue
Appearance of a healthy tongue
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Tongue appearance indicating deficiency
Tongue appearance indicating deficiency
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White coating on the tongue
White coating on the tongue
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Causes of 'hairy tongue'
Causes of 'hairy tongue'
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Study Notes
Tongue Anatomy and Function
- Taste Buds: Primary function is to detect taste sensations (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami)
- Location: Primarily found on papillae, particularly circumvallate, fungiform, and foliate
- Papillae Types: Filiform, Foliate, Vallate
- Filiform: Gripping and manipulating food, without taste sensation
- Cranial Nerve VII (Facial Nerve): Primarily responsible for taste sensation on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
- Intrinsic Tongue Muscles: Change the shape of the tongue for fine movements.
- Extrinsic Tongue Muscles: Responsible for larger tongue movements
- Genioglossus: Protrudes (sticks out) the tongue.
- Lingual Artery: Primary blood supply to the tongue.
- Palatoglossus Muscle: Elevates the posterior part of the tongue and is innervated by the Vagus nerve (CN X).
Taste Sensation
- Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal Nerve): Transmits taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue.
- Taste Receptor Activation: Begins when taste receptors in the taste buds are activated.
- Neurotransmitter: ATP
- Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Detects spicy and pungent (painful) sensations, as well as temperature and texture.
Tongue Appearance in Health and Disease
- Healthy Tongue: Pink, slightly rough with a moist surface
- Abnormal Appearances: May indicate various conditions.
- Smooth, red, and glossy (atrophic glossitis): May indicate vitamin deficiencies (iron or B12).
- White coating: May indicate a fungal infection, such as oral thrush.
- "Hairy Tongue": Often caused by smoking, poor oral hygiene, or certain medications.
- Geographic Tongue: Red, patchy areas with white borders that change location over time.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functions of the tongue, including the types of papillae and the cranial nerves involved in taste sensation. This quiz covers key aspects of tongue muscles, blood supply, and taste detection mechanisms. Perfect for students of human anatomy or anyone interested in understanding this vital organ.
