TNFα Inhibitors: Effects and Adverse Reactions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of monoclonal antibodies?

Highly specific to their target

Big in immune-mediated disease and oncology

Long duration of action

Low cost (correct)

What is the primary method of absorption of monoclonal antibodies?

Intravenous injection (correct)

Subcutaneous injection

Oral administration

Intramuscular injection

How are monoclonal antibodies eliminated from the body?

Transport by active transport proteins

Neutralization by stomach acids

Passive diffusion

Receptor-mediated endocytosis (correct)

Which factor can lead to faster drug clearance and lower levels of monoclonal antibodies in the body?

Immunogenicity and immune response induction Signup and view all the answers

Why are monoclonal antibodies considered as foreign proteins in the body?

They are recognized as foreign by the recipient's immune system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of monoclonal antibodies?

Risk of infusion reactions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about TNF inhibitors is TRUE?

They have to be administered parenterally Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of anti-TNF biologics like Infliximab, Golimumab, and Adalimumab?

Contain human Fc region Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with anti-cytokine biologics like Infliximab?

Increased risk of infections Signup and view all the answers

Which type of biologic targets B lymphocytes directly?

Anti-B lymphocyte biologics Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes anti-integrin biologics from other biologics mentioned in the text?

Target integrins instead of cytokines or B lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

Why must TNF inhibitors like Infliximab be dosed less frequently than small molecule drugs?

Complexity in production and binding specificity Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is associated with TNFα inhibitors?

Reactivation of latent tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about anti-TNF biologics is false?

Patients should not be screened for latent tuberculosis before starting any anti-TNF drug Signup and view all the answers

Which biologic targets the p40 subunit to inhibit IL-12/23?

Ustekinumab Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is NOT commonly treated with anti-B lymphocyte biologics?

Systemic lupus erythematosus Signup and view all the answers

Which chronic inflammatory disease is effectively treated with anti-integrin biologics?

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a common class effect associated with TNFα inhibitors?

Injection and infusion reactions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Monoclonal Antibodies: Characteristics and Considerations

Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made molecules designed to bind specifically to target antigens.
An advantage of monoclonal antibodies is their specificity, allowing for targeted therapeutic effects.
Primary method of absorption is through the subcutaneous or intravenous route, enabling systemic circulation.
Monoclonal antibodies are eliminated from the body primarily by reticuloendothelial system processes, including phagocytosis.
Factors such as the patient's immune response can lead to faster drug clearance, resulting in lower levels of monoclonal antibodies in circulation.
Considered foreign proteins because most monoclonal antibodies are produced in non-human hosts, prompting an immune response.

Disadvantages and Therapeutic Uses of Monoclonal Antibodies

Disadvantages include potential immunogenicity, leading to adverse reactions or reduced efficacy over time.
TNF inhibitors represent a category of monoclonal antibodies targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFα) to reduce inflammation.
Common feature of anti-TNF biologics (Infliximab, Golimumab, Adalimumab) is their role in inhibiting TNFα, a key inflammatory cytokine.

Adverse Effects and Specific Biologics

A potential adverse effect associated with anti-cytokine biologics like Infliximab includes increased risk of infections due to immune suppression.
Biologics that target B lymphocytes directly include agents like Rituximab, utilized in certain autoimmune diseases.
Anti-integrin biologics are distinguished by their mechanism of blocking integrin interactions, preventing immune cell migration to inflamed tissues.

Dosing and Efficacy of TNF Inhibitors

TNF inhibitors like Infliximab are dosed less frequently than small molecule drugs due to their longer half-life and sustained action.
Common adverse effects associated with TNFα inhibitors include infusion reactions and increased infection risk.
A false statement about anti-TNF biologics will generally pertain to their mechanism or efficacy, potentially misleading regarding their use.

Cytokine Subunit Targeting and Treatment Applications

Ustekinumab is a biologic that targets the p40 subunit to inhibit IL-12 and IL-23, used in treating autoimmune conditions.
Diseases not commonly treated with anti-B lymphocyte biologics include conditions like asthma which primarily involve different immune pathways.
Chronic inflammatory diseases effectively treated with anti-integrin biologics include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease.
A common class effect associated with TNFα inhibitors is the increased risk of serious infections like tuberculosis.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the effects and adverse reactions of TNFα inhibitors, particularly Etanercept. Learn about their impact on TNFα production, immunogenicity, apoptosis, and effectiveness in treating RA but not IBD. Explore the adverse effects such as reactivation of latent tuberculosis, increased risk of infections, and emergence of multiple sclerosis.