تقييم الأثر البيئي (EIA) - المحاضرة 2

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) - Lecture 2

• EIA is a crucial part of industrial, service and tourism projects.
• Egypt's Environmental Protection Authority requires EIA for all such projects.
• Law 4 of 1994 in Egypt is about protecting the environment, addresses environmental issues caused by existing facilities, new facilities(factories), and expansions.
• Law 4 of 1994 mandates EIA for new facilities, projects, and expansions or renovations of existing facilities.
• Procedures for EIA studies are outlined in articles 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23 of Law 4 of 1994.
• The EIA aims to protect and preserve the environment and natural resources, human health during development.
• The Industrial Development Authority (IDA) was established per Decree-law No. 350 of 2005.
• Law 15 of 2017, the Industrial Development Authority Law and its implementing decree law No. 1082 of 2018, aim at easing the process of granting licenses to industrial facilities.
• Decree-law No. 461 of 2018 integrates provisions of Law No. 4 of 1994, its amendments, and Law 15 of 2017 and 1082 of 2018, to regulate and specify requirements for granting licenses to industrial facilities and procedures for environmental inspections of factories.
• Decree law No.4 of 1994 (with subsequent amendments and implementing decrees), sets limits for environmental pollution, noise levels in work environments, air pollutant concentrations,emissions from machines, vehicles, etc.
• Noise levels in work environments are regulated, specific limits for different environments (residential, industrial) are defined.
• Pollutant limits in air are defined, and these standards apply to construction and excavation activities.
• Law No. 93 of 1962 regulates wastewater disposal, and prohibits any wastewater discharge onto public sewage systems without official permission. Related limits and criteria are defined in Decree 44/2000.
• Law No. 38 of 1967 concerns public hygiene and mandates proper transportation and disposal of construction waste, preventing airborne contamination or leakage.
• Law 124 of 1983 regulates fishing, aquatic life, and fish farms. It defines the authority in charge of aquatic resources.
• Environmental impact assessments and their results are part of the procedure for granting licenses, and all these requirements are defined by law.
• The law regulates maximum allowable levels of noise, air pollutants, and contaminants in wastewater.

National and International Regulations

• Egypt adheres to international environmental agreements.
• Several agreements are mentioned, like the Basel Convention, the Rome Convention, the Convention on Biological Diversity, etc.
• The Environmental Procedures and Standards should be adhered to by the country's organizations.
• Laws concerning labor and safety are addressed, the rights of the worker, employer relationship, hygiene and safety during work.
• Specific international agreements are addressed, relating to industrial activities in the country.

Assignment - Lecture 2

• The Assignment seeks to understand climate change-related issues and the Egyptian government's approach to addressing these issues.