Tissues Review Guide (Chapter 5)

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Questions and Answers

What are the four major types of tissues?

Muscle Tissue (correct)

Epithelial Tissue (correct)

Nervous Tissue (correct)

Connective Tissue (correct)

What is the function of connective tissue?

Binds, supports, protects, fills spaces, stores fat, produces blood cells

Where is connective tissue located?

Widely distributed throughout the body

What is the function of epithelial tissue?

Protect, secrete, absorb, excrete Signup and view all the answers

Where is epithelial tissue located?

Covers body surfaces, covers and lines internal organs, composed of glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of muscle tissue?

Movement Signup and view all the answers

Where is muscle tissue located?

Attached to bones, in walls of hollow internal organs, heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nervous tissue?

Transmits impulses for coordination, regulation, integration, and sensory reception Signup and view all the answers

Where is nervous tissue located?

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes simple epithelial tissue?

Single layer Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes stratified epithelial tissue?

Multiple layers Signup and view all the answers

What shape characterizes squamous epithelial tissue?

Flat shape Signup and view all the answers

What shape characterizes cuboidal epithelial tissue?

Square or cubed shape Signup and view all the answers

What shape characterizes columnar epithelial tissue?

Column or rectangle shape Signup and view all the answers

Where is simple squamous epithelium generally located?

Air sacs of lungs and the lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels Signup and view all the answers

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium generally located?

In the ducts and sensory portions of small glands in kidney tubules Signup and view all the answers

Where is simple columnar epithelium generally located?

Ciliated tissues are in bronchi, uterine tubes, and uterus; nonciliated tissues are in the digestive tract and bladder Signup and view all the answers

Where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium generally located?

Ciliated tissue lines the trachea and much of the upper respiratory tract Signup and view all the answers

Where is stratified squamous epithelium generally located?

Lines the esophagus, mouth, and vagina Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between loose and dense connective tissue?

Loose is widely spaced and dense is tightly packed by fibers Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Cardiac (striated), Skeletal (striated), Smooth (lacks striation) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cell of the nervous tissue?

Neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neuroglial cells in nervous tissue?

Support and bind, carry on phagocytosis, help supply nutrients to neurons, cell to cell communication Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Four Major Types of Tissues

Types include Connective Tissue, Epithelial Tissue, Muscle Tissue, and Nervous Tissue.

Connective Tissue

Functions: Binds, supports, protects, fills spaces, stores fat, and produces blood cells.
Locations: Widely distributed throughout the body.

Epithelial Tissue

Functions: Protects, secretes, absorbs, and excretes.
Locations: Covers body surfaces, lines internal organs, and forms glands.

Muscle Tissue

Functions: Responsible for movement.
Locations: Attached to bones, within walls of hollow internal organs, and in the heart.

Nervous Tissue

Functions: Transmits impulses for coordination, regulation, integration, and sensory reception.
Locations: Found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Simple Epithelial Tissue

Composed of a single layer of cells.

Stratified Epithelial Tissue

Comprised of multiple layers of cells.

Shapes of Epithelial Tissue

Squamous: Flat shape.
Cuboidal: Square or cubed shape.
Columnar: Column or rectangular shape.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

General Location: Air sacs of lungs, lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

General Location: Ducts and sensory portions of small glands, as well as kidney tubules.

Simple Columnar Epithelium

General Location: Ciliated tissues found in bronchi, uterine tubes, and uterus; nonciliated in the digestive tract and bladder.

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

General Location: Ciliated tissue lines the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

General Location: Lines the esophagus, mouth, and vagina.

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

General Location: Found in sweat glands, salivary glands, and mammary glands.

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

General Location: Present in the male urethra and ducts of some glands.

Transitional Epithelium

General Location: Lines the bladder, urethra, and ureters.

Glandular Epithelium

General Location: Salivary glands, pancreas, sweat glands, mammary glands, and sebaceous glands of the skin.

Macrophages

Function: Engages in phagocytosis (consumption of pathogens).

Mast Cells

Function: Prevents blood clots by secreting heparin and histamine.

Fibroblasts

Function: Produces fibers, including collagenous and elastic fibers.

Collagenous Tissue Fiber

Function: Provides structural support with tensile strength.
Location: Found in ligaments (connects bone to bone).

Elastic Tissue Fiber

Function: Allows for stretching.
Location: Present in vocal cords.

Reticular Tissue Fibers

Function: Offers delicate support.
Location: Found in internal organs like the spleen.

Types of Loose Connective Tissue

Includes Areolar, Adipose, and Reticular tissues.

Areolar Tissue

Function: Fills spaces between muscles.
Location: Positioned between muscles.

Adipose Tissue

Function: Cushions joints and organs, stores energy.
Location: Between muscles, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, around the heart, and within the abdominal membrane.

Reticular Tissue

Function: Provides framework support.
Location: Found in the spleen and liver.

Types of Dense Connective Tissue

Includes Cartilage, Hyaline Cartilage, Elastic Cartilage, and Fibrocartilage.

Cartilage

Function: Offers framework, support, and protection.
Location: Developing bones and ends of bones at joints.

Hyaline Cartilage

Function: Supports, protects, and provides a framework.
Location: Nose and ends of long bones.

Elastic Cartilage

Function: Provides support and protection; offers framework.
Location: External ear and parts of the larynx.

Fibrocartilage

Function: Acts as a shock absorber, providing support and protection.
Location: Intervertebral discs, knee joint, and pelvic girdle.

Difference Between Loose and Dense Connective Tissue

Loose connective tissue is widely spaced; dense connective tissue is tightly packed by fibers.

Types of Muscle Tissue

Includes Cardiac (striated), Skeletal (striated), and Smooth (lacks striation).

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Function: Facilitates heart movement.
Location: Heart muscle.

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Function: Enables voluntary movements of skeletal parts.
Location: Muscles typically attached to bones.

Smooth Muscle Tissue

Function: Controls involuntary movements of internal organs.
Location: Walls of hollow internal organs.

Neurons

Main cell type of nervous tissue.
Function: Senses changes and integrates body functions by transmitting messages to muscles or glands.

Neuroglial Cells

Function: Support and bind neurons, aid in nutrient supply, and facilitate cell communication.
Location: Situated on neurons and blood vessels.

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Description

This flashcard quiz focuses on the four major types of tissues: connective, epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissues. Each card highlights essential functions and locations of different tissue types, aiding in comprehension and retention. Ideal for students studying biology or anatomy.