Tissue Healing
18 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a significant factor that complicates rehabilitation in chronic inflammation?

  • Simultaneous tissue destruction (correct)
  • Limited blood supply to the site
  • Constant movement of the injured area
  • Presence of lymphatic vessels

Which of the following local factors does NOT affect tissue healing?

  • Blood supply
  • Movement/excessive pressure
  • Age of the patient (correct)
  • Size of the injury

What happens during the healing process of tendons after an injury?

  • Type I collagen is deposited immediately
  • Collagen is initially aligned parallel to the long axis
  • Collagen becomes more disorganized over time
  • Type III collagen is deposited perpendicular to the tendon axis (correct)

Which surgical option is least likely to lead to favorable healing of cartilage injuries?

<p>Incomplete rest and rehabilitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which systemic factor is least likely to influence tissue healing?

<p>Type of injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes healing in cartilage injuries when damage occurs to the cartilage alone?

<p>No significant healing response occurs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about ligament healing is accurate?

<p>Healing capacity can be optimized with adequate stress application (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of healing capacity, what is true for cartilage?

<p>Cartilage has a low healing capacity due to lack of blood supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective during the Proliferation Phase of tissue healing?

<p>To cover the wound and provide initial strength (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phases lasts the longest in the tissue healing process?

<p>Maturation Phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important characteristic of scar tissue during the Maturation Phase?

<p>It is initially composed of Type III collagen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cardinal sign of inflammation indicates swelling?

<p>Tumor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do myofibroblasts play during the Proliferation Phase?

<p>They are responsible for wound contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential issue can arise from uncontrolled wound contraction during the Proliferation Phase?

<p>Formation of contractures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase is hemostatic response particularly critical?

<p>Inflammation Phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of tissue healing, what does 'neovascularization' refer to?

<p>Formation of new blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Immune Response during the Inflammation Phase is primarily triggered by which type of cells?

<p>Neutrophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to load healing tissue appropriately during the Maturation Phase?

<p>To match the load to tissue strength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is chronic inflammation?

Chronic inflammation is a complex process involving ongoing inflammation, tissue damage, and repair, with factors such as trauma, immune responses, and autoimmune conditions playing a role.

How does chronic inflammation affect pain?

Central nervous system sensitization in chronic inflammation suggests that the pain signals from the injured tissue are amplified, leading to increased pain perception. This means rehabilitation becomes more challenging, as the brain interprets even mild stimuli as painful.

How does chronic inflammation affect tissue healing?

Chronic inflammation can delay the healing process due to sustained inflammation, hindering the development of strong and healthy tissue.

What are some local factors affecting tissue healing?

Local factors that affect tissue healing include the type of injury (cut, tear, etc.), its severity, location on the body, presence of infection, blood supply, and movement/pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some systemic factors affecting tissue healing?

Systemic factors that can influence tissue healing include age, underlying health conditions, medications being taken, nutritional status, and stress levels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is cartilage healing difficult?

Cartilage has a limited ability to heal due to poor blood supply and lack of nerves. It doesn't easily trigger the healing response. Damage to cartilage alone doesn't heal, while damage involving both cartilage and underlying bone can stimulate an inflammatory response.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What happens during tendon healing?

Tendon healing involves initial formation of disorganized collagen fibers, with proper loading realigning them over time. However, if the synovial sheath, which helps tendons glide, is injured, adhesions (sticky scar tissue) can form.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What influences ligament healing?

Ligament healing depends on the type of ligament, the severity of damage, and how much stress is placed on it. Intracapsular ligaments (e.g., ACL) often don't heal well, leading to functional loss.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inflammation Phase

The initial phase of tissue healing, characterized by the body's response to injury, preparing the wound for repair.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Proliferation Phase

The phase of tissue healing focused on rebuilding damaged structures, involving processes like epithelialization, collagen production, wound contraction, and neovascularization.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Maturation Phase

The final phase of tissue healing, where scar tissue matures and strengthens, becoming more organized and functional.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inflammation Response

A coordinated and complex process involving vascular, hemostatic, cellular, and immune responses, all working together to address injury.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cardinal signs of inflammation

The characteristic signs of inflammation, indicating that the body is responding to injury.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neovascularization

The process of forming new blood vessels, crucial for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the injured area.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Collagen production

The formation of new collagen fibers, creating a framework for healing and providing strength to the injured tissue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Wound contraction

The process where the edges of a wound are pulled together, contributing to wound closure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Contractures

A fixed shortening of soft tissues, resulting from excessive wound contraction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Epithelialization

The process of restoring the outermost layer of skin, providing protection and barrier function.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Tissue Injury and Repair - PT8313

  • Objectives:
    • Understand the phases of inflammation and healing after injury.
    • Discuss factors affecting tissue healing.
    • Describe healing variations based on tissue type.
    • Recognize tissue healing variability and uncertainty.

Phases of Inflammation and Healing

  • Inflammation Phase (Acute Phase):

    • Duration: Approximately 1-6 days.
    • Begins immediately after injury.
    • Normal, necessary, highly coordinated process.
    • No inflammation = no healing.
    • Includes vascular, hemostatic, cellular, and immune responses.

  • Vascular Response: Immediate vasoconstriction, followed by vasodilation.

  • Hemostatic Response: Formation of clots to stop bleeding.

  • Cellular Response: Phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages) engulf pathogens.

  • Immune Response: Immune cells participate in fighting infection.

    • Cardinal signs of inflammation: calor (heat), rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), functio laesa (loss of function).
    • Steps in the inflammatory response: The steps include immediate vasoconstriction, vasodilation, clot formation, and phagocytosis.

  • Proliferation Phase (Repair/Subacute Phase):

    • Duration: ~3-20 days.
    • Objective: Cover wound and provide initial strength.
    • Four simultaneous processes: epithelialization, collagen production, wound contraction, and neovascularization.

  • Maturation Phase (Remodeling/Chronic Phase):

    • Duration: ~9 days to >1 years (Longest phase)
    • Goal: Restoration of tissue.
    • Fibroblasts, macrophages, and myofibroblasts decrease.
    • Collagen maturation continues.

Collagen in Maturation Phase (Remodeling)

  • Collagen: More than 27 different types, including:
    • Type I: Bone, skin, tendon, mature scars.
    • Type II: Cartilage.
    • Type III: GI tract, uterus, blood vessels; initial type deposited.

Factors Affecting Tissue Healing

  • Local Factors: Type, size, location of injury, infection, blood supply, movement/excessive pressure.
  • Systemic Factors: Age, diseases/co-morbidities, medications, nutrition, stress.
  • Chronic Inflammation: Simultaneous progression of active inflammation, tissue destruction and healing, continued trauma, immune response, foreign material (implants), autoimmune diseases.Prolonged inflammation can delay healing and tissue tensile strength development.

Different Tissue Type Healing Considerations

  • Cartilage: Low healing capacity, lack of lymphatics, blood vessels, and nerves. Injury to cartilage alone does not induce healing response. Defects often fail to heal; injury to cartilage and subchondral bone often stimulates inflammatory response.
    • Often requires surgical options: Mosaicplasty, OATS procedure, Microfracture surgery.
  • Tendons: Initially, type III collagen is deposited perpendicular to the tendon long axis. Proper loading leads to realignment (parallel to long axis) ~10 days - 2 months post injury. Synovial sheath injury often leads to adhesions.
  • Ligaments: Healing depends on ligament type, defect size, and stress applied. Intracapsular ligaments (e.g., ACL) typically do not stimulate adequate healing and often have functional loss. Extracapsular ligaments, such as the MCL, can scar and heal better. Mature ligamentous tissue is often 30-50% strength of uninjured ligament.
  • Skeletal Muscle: Skeletal muscle cells do not proliferate; satellite cells may proliferate to form new skeletal muscle.
  • Bone: Bone healing involves stages: hematoma formation, soft callus formation, hard callus formation, and bone remodeling. Factors that delay healing include poor nutrition (Vit D/calcium deficiency), malnutrition, diabetes, smoking/nicotine, and some medications (NSAIDs, corticosteroids).

What if the Timeline Doesn't Match?

  • Factors that affect healing timelines: typical healing does not happen, results in chronic inflammation

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Tissue Injury and Repair 2025 Student Notes PDF

Description

Explore the phases of inflammation and healing in tissue repair. This quiz covers the vascular, hemostatic, cellular, and immune responses. Understand the critical factors that impact the healing process based on various tissue types.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser