Tissue and Cell Transport Quiz

Questions and Answers

What type of tissue lines body cavities and covers the body's external surface?

Connective Tissue

Epithelial Tissue (correct)

Muscle Tissue

Nervous Tissue

Which type of tissue transmits nerve impulses throughout the body?

Epithelial Tissue

Muscle Tissue

Connective Tissue

Nervous Tissue (correct)

What is connective tissue primarily responsible for?

Filtering blood

Transmitting nerve impulses

Contracting muscles

Anchoring, packaging and supporting body organs (correct)

Which type of tissue facilitates movement by contracting?

Muscle Tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is facilitated diffusion?

Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels. Signup and view all the answers

Define simple diffusion.

Movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Signup and view all the answers

What is active transport?

The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. Signup and view all the answers

What drives passive processes?

Concentration or pressure differences. Signup and view all the answers

What is osmosis?

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What are active processes in cell transport?

Processes that require energy (ATP) and occur only in living cell membranes. Signup and view all the answers

Define vesicular transport.

Transport of large particles and macromolecules across plasma membranes. Signup and view all the answers

What is endocytosis?

A process that moves substances into the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is exocytosis?

A process that moves substances out of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Define phagocytosis.

A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is pinocytosis?

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes. Signup and view all the answers

What does isotonic mean?

When the concentration of two solutions is the same. Signup and view all the answers

Define hypotonic solution.

When comparing two solutions, the solution with lesser concentration of solutes. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a hypertonic solution?

Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution. Signup and view all the answers

What is interphase in the cell cycle?

The phase when the cell is between nuclear divisions. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

The first gap, or growth phase, before DNA synthesis begins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the S phase of the cell cycle?

The phase where DNA replication occurs. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the G2 phase of the cell cycle?

Protein synthesis takes place. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of mitosis?

Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

Describe prophase in mitosis.

The first stage where chromatin coils and identical sister chromatids are formed. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during metaphase?

Two centrosomes are at opposite poles in the second stage of mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is anaphase in mitosis?

The shortest phase in which centromeres split. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during telophase?

Chromosome movement stops in the final stage of mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

Define cytokinesis.

The division of the cytoplasm. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tissue Types

Epithelial tissue: Lines body cavities and covers external surfaces; classified by cell shape and arrangement. Functions include protection, absorption, filtration, secretion, and sensory reception.
Nervous tissue: Transmits nerve impulses; forms nerves and brain. Contains supporting cells that protect and insulate neurons.
Connective tissue: Anchors, packages, and supports body organs; derived from mesenchyme. Most widespread and abundant tissue type, providing support, protection, insulation, and binding of other tissues.
Muscle tissue: Responsible for movement, including pumping blood and flushing urine. Major types are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth, with voluntary and involuntary control.

Cell Transport Mechanisms

Facilitated diffusion: Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels.
Simple diffusion: Movement of solute from high concentration to low concentration areas.
Active transport: Movement of ions or molecules against a concentration gradient, aided by enzymes and requiring energy (ATP).
Passive processes: Movement driven by concentration or pressure differences.
Osmosis: Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Active processes: Require energy (ATP) and occur only in living cell membranes.
Vesicular transport: Transport of large particles and macromolecules across plasma membranes.

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Endocytosis: Process of moving substances into the cell.
Exocytosis: Process of moving substances out of the cell.
Phagocytosis: A type of endocytosis where a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells.
Pinocytosis: A type of endocytosis where the cell ingests extracellular fluid and dissolved solutes.

Solutions and Concentration

Isotonic: Solutions with the same concentration of solutes.
Hypotonic: Solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
Hypertonic: Solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.

Cell Cycle Phases

Interphase: The phase between nuclear divisions.
G1 phase: First growth phase before DNA synthesis begins.
S phase: Phase of DNA replication.
G2 phase: Phase involving protein synthesis.
Mitosis: Process of cell division resulting in nuclei with the same number of chromosomes.

Stages of Mitosis

Prophase: First mitosis stage, where chromatin coils into identifiable sister chromatids.
Metaphase: Second mitosis stage, centrosomes are at opposite poles.
Anaphase: Shortest phase, where centromeres split and sister chromatids move apart.
Telophase: Final stage of mitosis; chromosome movement halts.
Cytokinesis: Division of the cytoplasm, completing the cell division process.

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Description

Test your knowledge of various types of tissues, including epithelial and nervous tissue, and their functions. This quiz covers definitions, classifications, and roles of different tissues in the body. Perfect for students studying biology or human anatomy.