Tipos de Aislamiento en Salud

Tipos de Aislamiento

• Aislamiento por aire: Used for airborne diseases like measles, chicken pox, TB and HIV. Requires a private room with negative pressure, masks, gloves, and gowns for anyone entering. Double bagged waste.

• Aislamiento por gotas: Used for diseases spread by droplets, such as the flu, whooping cough, meningitis, scarlet fever. Requires a private room, masks within 1 meter, and isolation of the patient.

• Aislamiento por contacto: Used for diseases spread via direct contact, like staph infections, herpes, and skin conditions. Requires a private room, masks, gloves, gowns. Sterilization of equipment.

• Aislamiento estricto: Used for immunocompromised patients, severe burns, neutroenia. Needs a private room, gloves, gowns, masks, proper disposal of used items, and restrictions on visitors.

• Aislamiento inverso: Used for patients with extremely contagious diseases. Requires a private room, entering restrictions, special handling of materials, and decontamination of equipment. Consideration made for patients with low neutrophil counts (under 1,000).

Enfermedades (Examples)

• Sarampión, Varicela, Tuberculosis (TBC): Spread by airborne transmission

• Difteria, Neumonía, Influenza: Spread by droplets. Includes precautions of mask use and sanitation.

• Adenovirus, Gripe, Parotiditis, Parvovirus B19, Rubéola: Spread by various methods, with specific precautions for patient care.

• Escarlatina, Bacterias multirresistentes (Clostridium difficile, E. Coli), Hepatitis A, Herpes viruses: Spread via contact.

• Otras (various): Specific diseases require specific precautions, such as those that cause fever, skin lesions, etc.

Medidas

• Habitación individual: Is a fundamental precaution for all instances.

• Presión negativa: Ensures that airflow is directed out to avoid spreading germs.

• Mascarillas: Essential protective measure to prevent transmission via droplets or airborne particles.

• Guantes, batas, protección ocular: Specific provisions depending on the disease and direct contact prevention.

• Doble bolsa: Isolation of waste to prevent cross-contamination.

• Otros: Specific measures for the type of disease. Including, sanitation, equipment protocols, and restrictions on patient contact.

Este cuestionario explora los diferentes tipos de aislamiento utilizados en el ámbito de la salud. Se abordarán las características y requisitos de cada tipo de aislamiento, desde el aislamiento por aire hasta el aislamiento inverso. Ideal para estudiantes de enfermería y salud pública.