Questions and Answers
What are the brand names for timolol?
What is the drug class of timolol?
anti-glaucoma
What are the indications for timolol?
reduce IOP in ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma
What is the mechanism of action of timolol?
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The recommended dosage for timolol is _____ drops of 0.25-0.5% solution 1-2 times a day.
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What lab considerations should be kept in mind for timolol?
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What are the contraindications for timolol?
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What are the food/drug interactions associated with timolol?
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What are some side effects of timolol?
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What are the adverse effects of timolol related to systemic absorption?
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What are the desired outcomes of using timolol?
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What should patients be educated about when using timolol?
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Where does timolol undergo metabolism?
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Study Notes
Timolol Overview
- Brand names: Timoptic, Betimol
- Drug class: Anti-glaucoma medication
Indications
- Primarily indicated to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in conditions like ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma.
Mechanism of Action
- Lowers IOP by reducing the formation of aqueous humor via beta 1 and beta 2 receptors.
- Increases aqueous humor outflow, contributing to the reduction of IOP.
Dosage and Administration
- Administered as 1-2 drops of a 0.25-0.5% solution.
- Typical dosage frequency is 1-2 times per day.
Laboratory Considerations
- Monitor levels of uric acid, glucose, and potassium (K+) during treatment.
Contraindications
- Not recommended for patients with asthma, COPD, bradycardia, second or third degree AV block, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, or hypersensitivity to the drug.
Drug Interactions
- Caution advised with other beta blockers, nitrates, and epinephrine due to potential interactions.
Side Effects
- Common adverse effects include local burning and stinging sensation, blurred vision, headaches, and dry eye pain.
Adverse Effects
- Systemic absorption may lead to serious conditions such as angina, anxiety, bronchoconstriction, hypertension, and dysrhythmias.
Desired Outcomes
- Effective treatment results in reduced intraocular pressure, serving its purpose as an anti-glaucoma medication.
Patient Education
- Instruct patients not to touch the dropper to their eye to avoid contamination.
Metabolism
- Metabolized in the cornea and liver, influencing its pharmacokinetics and overall effectiveness.
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Description
Test your knowledge about Timolol, a medication used to treat ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma. This quiz covers its brand names, drug classification, indications, and mechanism of action. Perfect for pharmacy students and healthcare professionals.
