Tigecycline Antibiotic Properties and Indications

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What type of bacteria is tigecycline active against?

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (correct)

Penicillin-susceptible streptococci

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–nonproducing gram-negative bacteria

Methicillin-susceptible staphylococci

What is tigecycline indicated for?

Treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections

Treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (correct)

Treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia

Treatment of meningitis

What is the primary route of elimination of tigecycline?

Hepatic metabolism

Lymphatic excretion

Biliary/fecal excretion (correct)

Renal excretion

Why is tigecycline a poor option for bloodstream infections?

It achieves low plasma concentrations Signup and view all the answers

What is a boxed warning associated with tigecycline?

It should be reserved for use in situations when alternative treatments are not suitable Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of tigecycline therapy?

Acute pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

Which macrolide is effective against Haemophilus influenzae?

Clarithromycin Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of Roxithromycin that makes it useful in treating infections caused by intracellular bacteria?

Its ability to highly concentrate in neutrophils and macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms is NOT typically targeted by Erythromycin?

Haemophilus influenzae Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following macrolides is a long-acting acid stable derivative of Erythromycin?

Roxithromycin Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Malaria on red blood cells?

It destroys them Signup and view all the answers

Telithromycin is effective against which type of organisms?

Macrolide-resistant organisms Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections?

Recent antibiotic exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of combining aminoglycosides with a β-lactam antibiotic?

To employ a synergistic effect Signup and view all the answers

What is gentamicin effective in treating?

A rare lymphoid disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of infection that can be treated with tobramycin alone?

Urinary tract infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding aminoglycosides to β-lactams for select serious gram-positive infections?

To employ a synergistic effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of macrolide antibiotics?

Binding to a site on the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome and inhibiting translocation Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is considered an alternative in patients with penicillin allergy?

Roxithromycin Signup and view all the answers

Which macrolide antibiotic exhibits greater activity against intracellular pathogens such as H. Pylori?

Azithromycin Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is a safe option for a pregnant woman with community-acquired pneumonia?

Azithromycin Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in spectrum of activity between erythromycin and azithromycin?

Azithromycin has better activity against respiratory pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of azithromycin compared to erythromycin?

Less potent activity against staphylococci and streptococci Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of quinupristin/dalfopristin?

By binding to separate sites on the 50S bacterial ribosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of quinupristin/dalfopristin?

Severe infections caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of enzymatic modification of quinupristin/dalfopristin in some cases?

It converts the bactericidal action to bacteriostatic Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effects have been reported with the administration of higher doses of quinupristin/dalfopristin?

Arthralgia and myalgia Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which quinupristin/dalfopristin induces hyperbilirubinemia?

Inhibition of glucuronidation Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of bacterial efflux pumps on quinupristin/dalfopristin?

Increased risk of resistance Signup and view all the answers