60 Questions
Which virus can cause Hand, Foot, Mouth Disease?
Coxsackievirus A16
What is a symptom of Post-polio syndrome?
Intense fatigue
Which is NOT a type of polio mentioned in the text?
Cerebral
What is the biggest reservoir for West Nile Virus?
Birds
What do Prions cause in the brain?
Spongiform encephalitis
Which tick-borne disease affects neutrophils?
Anaplasmosis
Which disease is characterized by a rash with a target pattern?
Lyme Disease
Which disease is transmitted by lice and can cause encephalitis upon reactivation?
Endemic Typhus
Which disease presents with high fever, headaches, and a spotted skin rash on wrists, palms of hands, and soles of feet?
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Which disease is known for the presence of an Eschar (black spot at the site of bite)?
Scrub Typhus Fever
Which disease is most likely to cause meningitis among the listed diseases?
Anaplasmosis
Which disease is characterized by a Maculo-papular intermittent fever rash on the face, trunk, and extremities that later becomes vesicular like chickenpox?
Rickettsial Pox
Which fungal infection is known as 'Gilchrist's disease'?
Blastomycosis
Which fungal infection is often fatal, antibiotic resistant, and has a round ball of mycelium found in the lungs?
Aspergillus flavus
Which fungal infection is also known as 'Valley Fever' and can resemble tuberculosis?
Coccidioidomycosis
Which fungal infection is linked to 'Rose Thorn Disease' and can be found in wood and soil?
Sporothrix schenckii
Which fungal infection can lead to thrush (whitish overgrowth of oral cavity) and vaginitis resembling non-gonococcal urethritis?
Candida Auris
Which fungal infection is also known as 'Bridge Builder's Disease' and can present with symptoms similar to tuberculosis?
Histoplasmosis
What is the structure that allows bacteria to adhere specifically to certain surfaces, avoiding the body's defense systems and causing disease?
Capsules
Which structure provides buoyancy to a cell by forming small, rigid structures?
Gas vesicles
Which component is a protein shell enclosing the genetic material of a virus?
Capsid
In the anatomy of a virus, what is the term for a completely assembled and infectious virus outside its host cell?
Virion
Which RNA virus is more serious in young children and older adults, causing general cold symptoms and potential pulmonary complications?
RSV
Which DNA virus can cause mono, is asymptomatic in most people, but may lead to skin discoloration and enlarged organs such as spleen or liver?
Cytomegalovirus
'Killer Cold Virus' refers to which type of virus that starts with cold-like symptoms but can progress to pneumonia, viral meningitis, or encephalitis?
Adenovirus 14
What is the key difference in the pathogenesis of Chlamydia trachomatis compared to Chlamydia psittaci?
Chlamydia trachomatis exists initially as infectious elementary bodies, while Chlamydia psittaci exists initially as non-infectious reticulate bodies.
Which of the following is true about Saccharomyces cerevisiae?
It can lead to Auto Brewery Syndrome due to gut fermentation.
Which statement best describes the role of ergotism?
It is related to LSD trip symptoms induced by Claviceps purpura.
What distinguishes molds from yeasts in terms of growth habit?
Molds grow as long, tangled filaments of cells, unlike yeasts which are unicellular.
Which statement correctly describes the interaction of Chlamydia with host cells?
Chlamydia interacts with glycogen inclusions inside endocytic vesicles during its pathogenesis.
What distinguishes Cryptococcus neoformans from other fungi mentioned in the text?
It is spherical and obligate gram-negative unlike other fungi discussed.
Match the tick-borne diseases with their respective causative agent:
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever = Rickettsia rickettsii Lyme Disease = Borrelia burgdorferi Ehrlichiosis = Ehrlichia chaffeensis Anaplasmosis = Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Match the rickettsial diseases with their mode of transmission:
Endemic Typhus = Transmitted by lice Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever = Transmitted by ticks Scrub Typhus Fever = Transmitted by mites Trench Fever = Transmitted by body lice
Match the diseases with their characteristic rash pattern:
Lyme Disease = Target pattern rash Trench Fever = Maculo-papular intermittent fever rash on face, trunk, extremities Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever = Spotted skin rash on wrists, palms of hands, soles of feet Rickettsial Pox = Vesicular rash like chickenpox
Match the bacterial agents with their treatment:
Chlamydia infections = Treated with tetracyclines Rickettsial infections = Treated with tetracyclines Bartonella infections = Treated with antibiotics targeting gram-negative bacteria Anaplasma and Ehrlichia infections = Treated with doxycycline
Match the diseases with their characteristic vector for transmission:
Endemic Typhus = Transmitted by lice Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever = Transmitted by ticks Scrub Typhus Fever = Transmitted by mites Q Fever = Transmitted by inhalation of aerosols or contact with infected animals
Match the genera with the type of pathogen they represent:
Rickettsia and Chlamydia = Intracellular bacteria Bartonella = Gram-negative bacteria Borrelia = Spirochetes Anaplasma and Ehrlichia = Intracellular bacteria
Match the following infectious agents with their associated disease:
Chlamydia trachomatis = Non-gonococcal urethritis Cryptococcus neoformans = Cryptococcosis Claviceps purpura = Ergotism Chlamydia psittaci = Psittacosis
Match the following terms with their corresponding fungal characteristics:
Mycology = Study of fungi Chitin = Component of fungal cell walls Hyphae = Long, tangled filaments of cells in molds Mycelium = Thick mass of hyphae
Match the following fungi with their respective uses or effects:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae = Used in bread baking and alcohol production Cryptococcus neoformans = Deadliest fungus known to man Claviceps purpura = Causes 'Ergot Rye Poisoning' Chitin = Component found in fungal cell walls
Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions:
Reticulate body = Non-infectious form of Chlamydia inside host initially Elementary body = Infectious form of Chlamydia that attaches to host epithelial cells Mycotoxins = Fungal toxins Endocytosis = Process induced by elementary bodies of Chlamydia
Match the following diseases with their causative agents or characteristics:
Chlamydia trachomatis = Spherical, obligate gram (-) bacteria Cryptococcosis = Caused by Cryptococcus neoformans Psittacosis = 'Birds are the reservoir' disease Ergotism = 'Ergot Rye Poisoning' disease
Match the following terms related to fungi with their definitions:
Yeast = Unicellular fungus Mold = 'Long, tangled filaments of cells in visible colonies' fungus Spores = Sexual stage of fungi Mycelium = 'Thick mass of hyphae' structure
Match the bacterial structure with its description:
Flagella = Involved in motility; spin-like propellers to move cell Pili = Fimbriae: allows cells to adhere to surfaces Capsules = Distinct and gelatinous; allows bacteria to adhere to specific surfaces; allows some organisms to avoid the body’s defense systems and thus cause disease Cytoskeleton = Protein framework involved in cell division and control of cell shape
Match the viral structure with its function:
Capsid = Protein shell of a virus, enclosing its genetic material Enveloped viruses = Surrounded by an envelope Virion = Completely assembled, infectious virus outside its host cell Viral spikes = Used for attachment and for release
Match the virus with its associated symptoms:
RSV = General cold symptoms, can progress to pulmonary symptoms like rales or croupy cough Adenoviruses = Resembles strep, causes pneumonia, viral meningitis, or encephalitis; airborne transmission Influenza = Causes epidemics, has Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase spikes, can lead to Guillain-Barre Syndrome or Reye’s Syndrome Parainfluenza = Causes milder symptoms than RSV and influenza, Types 1 and 2 cause croup, Type 3 causes bronchitis
Match the virus with its associated disease:
West Nile Virus = West Nile Fever Zika virus = Mild febrile illness with rash Poliovirus = Viral gastroenteritis symptoms Coxsackievirus A16 = Hand, Foot, Mouth Disease
Match the DNA virus with its associated disease:
Cytomegalovirus = Can cause mono, asymptomatic in most people but can lead to skin discoloration and enlarged organs like spleen or liver Varicella-Zoster Virus = Causes Chickenpox with red fluid-filled teardrop lesions and Shingles with band-like pattern lesions on one side of the body Epstein-Barr Virus = Major cause of mono, associated with lymphoma and Hodgkin disease Hepatitis B = Infectious hepatitis with long incubation, surface antigen HBsAg tested for
Match the tick-borne disease with its description:
Anaplasmosis = Affects neutrophils Ehrlichiosis = Affects monocytes Lyme disease = Can cause nerve issues Prions = Cause spongiform encephalitis
Match the type of polio with its description:
Spinal polio = Anterior Horn Damage Bulbar polio = Encephalitis Bulbospinal polio = Transmitted by mosquitoes RNA viruses Post-polio syndrome = New weakness, loss of function, intense fatigue
Match the enterovirus with its description:
Echovirus = Known to cause summer diarrhea, responsible for most viral meningitis cases Rotavirus = Most common enterovirus causing mild to severe diarrheal disease in children Norovirus = #1 cause of disease outbreaks from contaminated food in U.S., known as 'Winter vomiting disease' Enterovirus D68 = Non-polio enterovirus causing acute gastroenteritis, respiratory illness, flaccid paralysis, and encephalomyelitis
Match the enterovirus type with its main target:
Coxsackie Group A = Infect skin and mucous membranes Coxsackie Group B = Infect heart and liver Enterovirus 71 = Causes Hand, Foot, Mouth Disease Poliovirus = Most people show no signs of illness; may cause gastroenteritis symptoms
Match the type of West Nile Virus disease with its description:
West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease (WNND) = Neurological involvement West Nile Meningoencephalitis = Meninges and brain involvement West Nile Poliomyelitis (WNP) = Involvement of spinal cord and muscles West Nile Meningitis (WNM) = Inflammation of meninges
Match the mosquito-borne virus with its effect:
Zika virus = May cause micro encephalitis West Nile Virus = Causes various diseases like fever and neurological conditions Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) = Can lead to viral encephalitis Epstein-Barr virus = Can cause viral encephalitis
Match the fungal infection with its common name:
Blastomycosis = Gilchrist's disease Histoplasmosis = Bridge Builder's Disease Aspergillosis = Rose Thorn Disease Candidiasis = Thrush
Match the disease with its primary reservoir/source:
Coccidioidomycosis = Grains, peanuts Histoplasmosis = Bird droppings Sporotrichosis = Pigeon droppings and dusty soil Blastomycosis = Wood, soil
Match the fungal infection with its characteristic symptom or presentation:
Candida auris = Often fatal, antibiotic resistant Aspergillus flavus = Round ball of mycelium found in lungs Sporothrix schenckii = 'Rose Thorn Disease' Coccidioides immitis = Resembles TB
Match the fungal infection with the type of lesions it causes:
Sporotrichosis = Cutaneous ulcers/blisters Candidiasis = Thrush (whitish overgrowth of oral cavity) Aspergillosis = Pus-filled lesions Blastomycosis = Pulmonary and disseminated types
Match the fungal infection with the body part it commonly affects:
Pneumocystis Pneumonia = Lungs Candida albicans = Oral cavity and vagina Aspergillus fumigatus = Heart or brain if disseminated Blastomycosis = Similar symptoms to TB
Match the fungal infection with its treatment approach:
Candida auris = Antifungals ('azoles') Aspergillus flavus = Surgery to remove aspergilloma Sporothrix schenckii = Cutaneous and systemic antifungals Histoplasmosis = Symptomatic treatment for pulmonary and disseminated types
Test your knowledge on tick-borne diseases such as anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever, epidemic typhus, endemic typhus, and scrub typhus. Learn about the symptoms, causative agents, and treatment of these diseases.
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