Tibial Nerve and Associated Muscles Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which muscle is NOT directly associated with the tibial nerve?

Plantaris

Gastrocnemius

Soleus (correct)

Hamstrings (correct)

What is the primary role of the gastrocnemius muscle in relation to the tibial nerve?

Dorsiflexing the foot

Abducting the thigh

Plantarflexing the foot (correct)

Flexing the hip

Which nerve is primarily responsible for innervating the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles?

Femoral nerve

Obturator nerve

Tibial nerve (correct)

Peroneal nerve

Which of the following statements about the tibial nerve is accurate?

It innervates muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle would most likely be affected by damage to the tibial nerve?

Gastrocnemius Signup and view all the answers

What is the main action of the soleus muscle?

Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve innervates the gastrocnemius muscle?

Tibial nerve Signup and view all the answers

From where does the soleus muscle originate?

Shafts of tibia and fibula Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion point for the plantaris muscle?

Calcaneum via tendo calcaneus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle works alongside the soleus to provide powerful plantar flexion?

Gastrocnemius Signup and view all the answers

What action does the gastrocnemius muscle perform in addition to plantar flexion?

Flexes the knee joint Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for abducting the big toe?

Abductor hallucis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the flexor digitorum brevis?

Flexion of the toes Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle assists in adduction of the big toe?

Adductor hallucis Signup and view all the answers

Identify the muscle that helps in flexing the lateral four toes.

Flexor digitorum brevis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT involved in the movement of the big toe?

Soleus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for flexing the proximal interphalangeal joints of the toes?

Flexor digitorum brevis Signup and view all the answers

The action of abducting and flexing the big toe is primarily attributed to which muscle?

Abductor hallucis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle joint?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of the tibialis posterior at the subtalar joint?

Inversion of the foot Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding the flexor hallucis longus?

Flexes the distal phalanx of the big toe Signup and view all the answers

Which area does the tibialis posterior originate from?

Posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia and fibula Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship of the flexor digitorum longus to the tibial nerve?

It is innervated by the tibial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle plays a critical role in unlocking the knee joint?

None of the above Signup and view all the answers

Where do the fibers of the flexor hallucis longus mostly insert?

Base of the distal phalanx of the big toe Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Posterior Compartment of Leg & Sole of Foot

The posterior compartment of the leg contains various muscles, divided into superficial and deep groups by the transverse intermuscular septum.
The superficial group includes the gastrocnemius, plantaris, and soleus muscles.
The gastrocnemius muscle has two heads (medial and lateral).
The soleus muscle is a larger muscle below the gastrocnemius.
The plantaris muscle is a small muscle connecting the two.
The calcaneal tendon attaches the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel bone).
The deep group of muscles includes the popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior, and flexor hallucis longus.
The tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery supply the posterior compartment.

Sole of Foot

The sole of the foot has thick, hairless skin.
It has creases where the skin moves.
It has many sweat glands.

Deep Fascia

The plantar aponeurosis is a triangular thickening of fascia that protects underlying structures (nerves, vessels, and muscles).
Its apex connects to the tubercles of the calcaneum (heel).
The base divides into slips to the toes.

Muscles of the Sole

Sole muscles are in four layers, listed from superficial to deep.
The first layer includes the abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and abductor digiti minimi.
The second layer includes the lumbricals, quadratus plantae, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus.
The third layer includes the flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, and flexor digiti minimi brevis.
The fourth layer includes the interossei muscles (3 plantar + 4 dorsal).

Arches of the Foot

The foot has three arches (medial, lateral longitudinal, and transverse).
The medial longitudinal arch involves the calcaneum, talus, navicular, and cuneiforms, along with the three medial metatarsals.
The lateral longitudinal arch involves the calcaneum, cuboid, the fourth and fifth metatarsals.
The transverse arch is at the level of the tarsometatarsal joints, including the bases of the metatarsals, along with the cuboid and cuneiform bones.

Function of Arches

The arches support weight bearing, walking, and running.
They provide space for neurovascular bundles.
They act as shock absorbers.

Fibrous & Synovial Sheaths

The inferior surface of each toe, from the metatarsal head to the distal phalanx, has a fibrous sheath connected to the sides of the phalanges.
The fibrous sheath, along with the interphalanges, forms a tunnel for the flexor tendons.
The flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus tendons are surrounded by synovial sheaths.

Tibial Nerve

The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve.
It enters the posterior compartment of the leg by passing beneath the soleus.

Posterior Tibial Artery

One of the terminal branches of the popliteal artery.

Objectives

Students should know the contents of the posterior fascial compartment of the leg.
Students should know the structures held by retinacula at the ankle.
Students should know the layers of the sole, including the bones forming the arches of the foot.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the muscles innervated by the tibial nerve! This quiz covers crucial topics including the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles, their roles, origins, and insertions. Understand the anatomy related to the tibial nerve and assess your understanding of this important neurological pathway.