24 Questions
Where does the circumflex fibular branch terminate?
In the region of the ankle joints
What is the function of the communicating branch of the peroneal artery?
To form an arch with a similar branch from the posterior tibial artery
Which of the following branches of the peroneal artery supplies the medial malleolus?
Malleolar branch
In the lower one-third of the leg, the posterior tibial artery lies on which muscles?
Flexor digitorum longus and tibia
What is the destination of the perforating branch of the peroneal artery?
It pierces the interosseous membrane
What is the largest branch of the posterior tibial artery?
Peroneal artery
What is the posterior tibial artery accompanied by in the leg?
Tibial nerve and venae comitantes
What is the course of the peroneal artery?
It winds around the lateral side of the neck of the fibula
What is the relation between the peroneal artery and the dorsalis pedis artery?
The peroneal artery reinforces the dorsalis pedis artery
At the ankle, the posterior tibial artery lies directly on which structure?
Capsule of the ankle joint
Which of the following muscles does not receive a branch from the posterior tibial artery?
Tibialis anterior
What is the destination of the calcaneal branches of the peroneal artery?
They anastomose with other arteries in the region
What is the origin of the peroneal artery?
It is a branch of the posterior tibial artery
What is the direction of the nutrient artery given off to the tibia?
Obliquely towards the fibula
In which figure is the course of the posterior tibial and peroneal arteries and the tibial nerve depicted?
Figs 9.7a and b
What is the distance below the lower border of the popliteus where the peroneal artery begins?
2.5 cm
What is the primary function of the Popliteus muscle?
Unlocks the knee joint by lateral rotation of the femur on the tibia prior to flexion
Which nerve is responsible for innervating the Flexor digitorum longus muscle?
Tibial nerve
What is the primary function of the Flexor hallucis longus muscle?
Flexes the distal phalanx of the big toe
What is the relationship between the Tibialis posterior tendon and the medial malleolus?
The tendon passes behind the medial malleolus, grooving it
During dissection, what muscle is reflected laterally to expose the underlying deep muscles?
Soleus
What is the relationship between the Tibialis posterior tendon and the flexor retinaculum?
The tendon passes deep to the flexor retinaculum
What is the primary function of the Tibialis posterior muscle?
Supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot
Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the Tibial nerve?
Gastrocnemius
Study Notes
Posterior Tibial Artery
- Lies on the tibialis posterior in the upper two-thirds of the leg
- Lies on the flexor digitorum longus and tibia in the lower one-third of the leg
- Lies directly on the ankle joint capsule between the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus at the ankle
- Accompanied by two venae comitantes and the tibial nerve
Branches
- Peroneal artery (largest branch)
- Muscular branches to muscles of the back of the leg
- Nutrient artery to the tibia
- Anastomotic branches:
- Popliteus
- Flexor digitorum longus
- Flexor hallucis longus
- Tibialis posterior
Peroneal Artery
- Begins 2.5 cm below the lower border of the popliteus
- Runs obliquely towards the fibula and descends along the medial crest of the fibula
- Accompanied by the nerve to the flexor hallucis longus
- Branches:
- Muscular branches to the posterior and lateral compartments
- Nutrient artery to the fibula
- Anastomotic branches:
- Communicating branch (anastomoses with a similar branch from the posterior tibial artery)
- Malleolar branch (anastomoses with other arteries over the medial malleolus)
- Calcaneal branches (anastomose with other arteries in the region)
- Terminal branches:
- Medial and lateral plantar arteries (will be studied in the sole)
Tibialis Posterior
- Plantar flexor of ankle joint
- Inverts foot at subtalar joint
- Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
- Important relations:
- Tendon passes behind the medial malleolus, grooving it
- Tendon passes deep to the flexor retinaculum
- Terminal part of the tendon supports the spring ligament
This quiz covers the location of the tibial nerve in the leg, including its relation to the tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus.
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