Thyroid Hormones and Drugs Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the thyroid to produce T3 and T4?

  • Progesterone
  • Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
  • Estrogen
  • Thyrotropin Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (correct)

Which type of thyroid drugs are made from animal thyroid?

  • Natural thyroid drugs (correct)
  • Adrenal steroid inhibitors
  • Synthetic thyroid drugs
  • Antithyroid drugs

What is the principal pharmacologic effect of thyroid hormones?

  • Reduced metabolic rate in body tissues
  • Stimulation of hair growth
  • Increased metabolic rate in body tissues (correct)
  • Increased glycogen stores

How do thyroid hormones affect the heart?

<p>Increase heart rate and cardiac output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is commonly used for thyroid hormone replacement?

<p>Levothyroxine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of radioactive iodine in treating hyperthyroidism?

<p>Inducing acute thyroiditis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which endocrine disorder is characterized by overproduction of ACTH?

<p>Cushing’s syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Addison’s disease?

<p>Primary insufficiency of the adrenal cortex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body?

<p>Parathyroid hormone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs mimics the hormones produced by the pituitary gland?

<p>Pituitary drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

TSH

Thyrotropin Stimulating Hormone, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce the thyroid hormones T3 and T4.

Natural Thyroid Drugs

Thyroid medications derived from the thyroid gland of animals, used to treat hypothyroidism.

Thyroid Hormones: Primary Effect

Thyroid hormones increase the metabolic rate in body tissues, influencing how our bodies use energy.

Thyroid Hormones: Heart Effects

Thyroid hormones increase the heart rate and cardiac output, making the heart beat faster and stronger.

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Levothyroxine

A synthetic thyroid hormone, commonly prescribed for treating hypothyroidism, mimicking the effects of natural thyroid hormones.

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Radioactive Iodine (I-131)

A treatment for hyperthyroidism, radioactive iodine destroys thyroid cells, reducing hormone production.

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Cushing's Syndrome

An endocrine disorder caused by excessive production of ACTH, leading to high levels of cortisol in the body.

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Addison's Disease

A disorder caused by the adrenal glands not producing enough cortisol and aldosterone, leading to various symptoms.

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Parathyroid Hormone

A hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that regulates calcium levels in the blood, ensuring proper bone health and nerve function.

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Pituitary Drugs

Medications that mimic the hormones produced by the pituitary gland, used to treat various conditions.

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Study Notes

Thyroid Hormones

  • Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
  • Natural Thyroid Hormones derived from animal thyroid glands are used in some thyroid medications, such as desiccated thyroid.
  • Pharmacologic Effects of thyroid hormones primarily include regulation of metabolism and influence on energy levels.
  • Cardiac Effects of thyroid hormones involve increased heart rate, enhanced contractility, and improved cardiac output, leading to greater oxygen demand.

Thyroid Medication

  • Levothyroxine is the commonly prescribed drug for thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

Hyperthyroidism Treatment

  • Radioactive Iodine is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism; it selectively destroys overactive thyroid tissue through the emission of radiation.

Endocrine Disorders

  • Cushing's Disease is characterized by overproduction of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH).
  • Addison’s Disease primarily results from autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex, leading to insufficient hormone production.

Calcium Regulation

  • Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) is the key hormone that regulates and maintains calcium levels in the bloodstream.

Pituitary-derived Hormones

  • Synthetic Hormones such as human growth hormone or other hormone analogs mimic those produced by the pituitary gland for therapeutic purposes.

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