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Questions and Answers
Which of the following thyroid hormones is produced from thyroid follicles?
Which of the following thyroid hormones is produced from thyroid follicles?
- Calcitonin
- 3,3',5' triiodothyronine (rT3)
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- 3, 5, 3' triiodothyronine (T3) (correct)
What is the primary function of calcitonin?
What is the primary function of calcitonin?
- Increasing intestinal absorption of calcium
- Reducing blood calcium levels (correct)
- Stimulating osteoclast activity
- Regulating blood sugar levels
Which thyroid hormone is biologically inactive?
Which thyroid hormone is biologically inactive?
- 3, 5, 3', 5' tetraiodothyronine (T4)
- 3,3',5' triiodothyronine (rT3) (correct)
- Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)
- 3, 5, 3' triiodothyronine (T3)
What is the number of amino acids in the calcitonin peptide hormone?
What is the number of amino acids in the calcitonin peptide hormone?
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Where are calcitonin-producing cells located in the thyroid gland?
Where are calcitonin-producing cells located in the thyroid gland?
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Study Notes
Thyroid Hormones
- The thyroid gland produces two main hormones from thyroid follicles: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), with the chemical structure of 3, 5, 3', 5' tetraiodothyronine and 3, 5, 3' triiodothyronine, respectively.
- The thyroid gland also secretes small amounts of biologically inactive reverse T3 (rT3), with a chemical structure of 3,3',5' triiodothyronine.
Calcitonin
- Calcitonin is a 32-amino acid peptide hormone secreted by parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid.
- Calcitonin reduces blood calcium levels through three mechanisms:
- Inhibiting osteoclast activity
- Inhibiting renal tubular reabsorption of calcium
- Inhibiting intestinal absorption of calcium
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