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Thyroid Hormone Synthesis and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis?

Pituitary gland
Diet (correct)
Thyroid gland
Thyroglobulin

Which of the following thyroid hormones has a longer half-life?

T3
TSH
TRH
T4 (correct)

What is the primary function of T4 in thyroid hormone physiology?

Regulating TSH secretion
Binding to receptors to stimulate metabolism
Stimulating the release of TRH
Acting as a precursor to T3 (correct)

What is the structure of the thyroid gland in which thyroglobulin is stored?

Follicular structure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones?

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hyperthyroidism on the cardiovascular system?

Increased force of contraction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hypothyroidism in iodine deficiency?

Inability to synthesize T3 and T4 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (LATS) on thyroid follicular cells?

Over-stimulation of T4/T3 synthesis and secretion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of high TSH levels in iodine deficiency?

Gland enlargement (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hypothyroidism on the central nervous system?

Mental sluggishness (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of thyroid gland morphology in hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency?

Gland enlargement (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thyroid hormone on the cardiovascular system?

Increased manufacture and incorporation of β1 adrenergic receptors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TRH in the regulation of thyroid hormone secretion?

TRH stimulates the release of TSH (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of TSH on the thyroid gland?

TSH increases the size and secretory activity of thyroid cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to thyroid gland morphology when TSH levels are high?

Follicles become depleted, and the epithelium becomes columnar (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thyroid hormone in childhood development?

Thyroid hormone is critical for central nervous system development (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high levels of thyroid hormone on the regulation of TSH and TRH?

High T3/T4 levels suppress the release of TRH and TSH (A) Signup and view all the answers