37 Questions
What combination of chromosomes determines the typical male sex in mammals?
An X and a Y chromosome
Who is most likely to express an X-linked recessive disorder?
Males with one X chromosome
How are X-linked recessive disorders commonly expressed?
Males with one X chromosome
What happens during X inactivation in female mammals?
One of the two X chromosomes in each cell is randomly inactivated
In humans, what is the typical sex chromosome configuration for a female?
XX
Which individual is less likely to be affected by an X-linked dominant disorder?
Males with one X chromosome
What is the probability of a male inheriting an X-linked recessive disorder from his father?
0%
Which process involves the random inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in each cell?
Genetic recombination
In Morgan's experiments with fruit flies, what did he conclude when he observed nonparental phenotypes in the testcross?
The two traits were linked on the same chromosome
What is the main reason linked genes tend to be inherited together?
They are located near each other on the same chromosome
What did Morgan's experiments with fruit flies demonstrate about gene inheritance?
Genes located on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together
What accounts for the production of offspring with combinations of traits differing from either parent?
Genetic recombination
What did Morgan's experiments with fruit flies suggest when observing parental phenotypes?
Genes are linked and inherited together
Inheritance of linked genes can lead to a higher proportion of which types of phenotypes in offspring?
Parental phenotypes
What did the early 1900s experiments by Thomas Hunt Morgan demonstrate?
That genes are located on chromosomes
Why did Thomas Hunt Morgan choose Drosophila melanogaster for genetic studies?
It has a small number of chromosomes and produces many offspring quickly
What was the significance of discovering a fly with white eyes among the Drosophila melanogaster population?
It suggested the presence of a genetic mutation affecting eye color
Which aspect of Drosophila melanogaster made it an ideal choice for genetic studies?
It produces a large number of offspring in a short time
What role did Thomas Hunt Morgan play in the field of genetics?
He linked specific genes to their chromosomal location
What was the key implication of Thomas Hunt Morgan's experiments with Drosophila melanogaster?
Genes can be physically mapped to specific chromosomes
How did the discovery of a fly with white eyes challenge existing genetic theories?
It suggested that gene mutations could alter observable traits
Which characteristic of Drosophila melanogaster contributed most to its usefulness in genetic research?
Its well-defined genetic traits and short generation time
Why was the discovery of a fly with white eyes significant in understanding genetics?
It revealed the possibility of mutations affecting inherited traits
What is the main cause of Down Syndrome?
The deletion of a chromosome segment
Which process does nondisjunction refer to?
The failure of chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis
In Turner syndrome, individuals typically have which chromosomal configuration?
XX
What happens in the case of chromosome duplication?
Two identical chromosomes are produced from one original chromosome
What distinguishes Klinefelter syndrome from Down syndrome?
An extra X chromosome in Klinefelter syndrome compared to an extra chromosome 21 in Down syndrome
What is the term for a condition in which an organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes?
Tetraploidy
Which of the following describes the situation where pairs of homologous chromosomes do not separate normally during meiosis?
Nondisjunction
What condition results from the fertilization of gametes in which nondisjunction occurred?
Aneuploidy
Which genetic disorder is a result of an extra chromosome in a male, producing XXY individuals?
Klinefelter Syndrome
What is the term for a condition that produces individuals with an abnormal number of a particular chromosome?
Aneuploidy
Which syndrome results from three copies of chromosome 21?
Down Syndrome
In genetic terms, what does monosomic zygote mean?
It has only one copy of a particular chromosome
What is the term for a condition where offspring have an abnormal number of a particular chromosome?
Aneuploidy
What condition is characterized by an extra chromosome in males, producing XYY individuals who do not exhibit any syndrome?
Klinefelter Syndrome
Test your knowledge on the early 1900s experiments by Thomas Hunt Morgan and what they demonstrated in the field of genetics. Can you identify the key findings and their implications? Find out now!
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